1. To^?ng Ke^'t Nha.c Vie^.t Na(m 1999

Tha^.t cha(?ng gio^'ng con gia'p na`o ca?. Ca'i ca^u dda^`u lu+o+~i ddo' na`o ngo+` la.i a'p du.ng ddu'ng vo+'i ho. ha`ng nha` ro^`ng chi la.. Khi nha('c dde^'n chu' chuo^.t la'u li?nh, ba'c tra^u hie^`n la`nh tha^.m chi' ca? cha`ng heo u.c i.t, ta dde^`u de^~ da`ng pha'c tha?o nhu+~ng ne't dda(.c tru+ng cu?a tu+`ng con gia'p. Chi? rie^ng co' ho. nha` ro^`ng thi` kha'c ha(?n.

Tu+` xu+a dde^'n nay, ro^`ng va^~n la` mo^.t va^.t tha^`n thoa.i nhuo^'m ve? ky` bi', bie^?u tu+o+.ng cu?a su+'c ma.nh uy quye^`n trong quan nie^.m ca? DDo^ng la^~n Ta^y Phu+o+ng. A^'y the^' ma` cha(?ng hie^?u sao, theo tu+? vi DDo^ng Phu+o+ng, ro^`ng ta la.i pha?i xe^'p ha`ng thu+' na(m sau ca? na`ng miu miu nu+~a mo+'i la. .

Ngoa`i "bi' danh" Thi`n trong tu+? vi DDo^ng Phu+o+ng, ro^`ng ta co`n ddu+o+.c bie^'t no^m na nhu+: long, dragon. Ne^'u ca^`u ky` ho+n, co`n kha' nhie^`u te^n go.i theo loa.i, nhu+: ro^`ng bie^?n, ro^`ng dda^'t, drake, gibraltar, syssiphus, scourge, daksdraudangas, wyrm (iyeiskjadryllja, sahara, pumoch-tannal), amphiptere, amphisbaena, basilisk, cockatrice, chimera, faerie, griffin, hydra, kazin, k.koike, lindworm, manticore, naga, narlaq, ouroboros, quetzelcoatl, salamander, scandinavian dragon, sea serpent, wayntley dragon,wyvern, vv... vv... Du` su+. hie^.n hu+~u cu?a ho. nha` ro^`ng va^~n la` mo^.t nghi va^'n, nhu+ng "cha^n dung" ro^`ng ta va^~n ddu+o+.c pha'c tha?o theo... tri' tu+o+?ng tu+o+.ng phong phu' cu?a loa`i ngu+o+`i. Thu+? ke^? so+ ve^` ma^`u sa('c, ta tha^'y co': ba.ch long (ro^`ng tra('ng, ddu+o+.c tin la` co' quye^`n la`m mu+a), hoa`ng long (ro^`ng va`ng, tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho su+'c ma.nh uy quye^`n thu+o+`ng da`nh rie^ng cho vua chu'a tho+`i phong kie^'n), ha('c long (ro^`ng dden), xi'ch long (ro^`ng ddo?, la` bie^?u tu+o+.ng cu?a Wales), tu+? long (ro^`ng ti'm), thanh long (ro^`ng xanh), vv... vv...

Ve^` hi`nh da'ng la.i ca`ng dda da.ng ho+n nu+~a. Theo Ta^y Phu+o+ng, ro^`ng ddu+o+.c cha('p the^m ddo^i ca'nh do+i vo+'i tha^n hi`nh da`i, da^`y da(.n, da co' va^?y, dda^`u hi`nh tam gia'c, co^? da`i, bo^'n cha^n kho?e vo+'i mo'ng sa('c, thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c xem nhu+ tho+? ra lu+?a. Mo^.t va`i loa.i co' ta`i ddo^?i ma^`u sa('c. Mo^.t so^' la.i co' ta`i ddo^?i hi`nh da.ng, co' lu'c bie^'n tha`nh da.ng co' dduo^i da`i va` nho.n, co' lu'c la.i mang hi`nh da'ng tu+o+ng tu+. nhu+... khu?ng long. Theo truye^`n thuye^'t, ro^`ng chi? a(n mo^.t la^`n mo^~i tha'ng vo+'i ca'c loa.i thu+.c pha^?m "tu+o+i so^'ng" nhu+ bo`, cu+`u hay tha^.m chi' ca? loa`i ngu+o+`i.

Theo DDo^ng phu+o+ng, ro^`ng bie^'t bay du` kho^ng co' ca'nh, tha^n mi`nh da`i ngoa(`n ngoe`o nhu+ tra(n, co' va^y mo.c suo^'t tu+` dda^`u ke'o da`i dde^'n ta^.n dduo^i, da co' va^?y nhu+ ca', dda^`u co' su+`ng nga('n va` cong, bo^'n cha^n, dduo^i nga('n xo`e hi`nh qua.t... mo. Co' ba loa.i ro^`ng chi'nh: cha^n co' ba mo'ng (Nha^.t,...), cha^n co' bo^'n mo'ng (DDa.i Ha`n, Indonesia,...) va` cha^n co' na(m mo'ng (Trung Hoa, Vie^.t Nam,...). Ngoa`i ra, ro^`ng co`n co' nhu+~ng ne't ke^'t ho+.p cu?a nhie^`u loa`i va^.t: dda^`u la.c dda`, ma('t tho?, mu~i ky` la^n, tai bo`, ba`n cha^n ho^? vo+'i mo'ng sa('c nho.n nhu+ vuo^'t loa`i o', bu.ng co'c, bo+`m su+ tu+? quanh co^?, ca(`m. Du` ddu+o+.c xem la` uy vu~ vo+'i ddo^i ma`y da`i va` da^`y ra^.m, nha` ho. ro^`ng la.i chi? co' mo^~i hai co.ng ra^u da`i pha^'t pho+ hai be^n me'p dde^?... la`m duye^n. Tuy co' ca(.p ma('t gio^'ng tho?, nhu+ng ro^`ng kho^ng co' ve? hie^`n la`nh nhu't nha't ti' na`o, nha^'t la` khi cha`ng ta ve^?nh ra^u, ngoa'c mie^.ng ro^.ng pho^ ba`y ha`m ra(ng tra('ng toa't vo+'i nhu+~ng chie^'c nanh nho.n hoa('t. Ro^`ng thuo^.c loa.i u+a la`m bie^'ng, la`m ddie^.u va` la`m... du+~ ne^n ta thu+o+`ng nghe nha('c dde^'n hi`nh a?nh ro^`ng na(`m, ro^`ng a^?n, ro^`ng cha^`u, ro^`ng uo^'n khu'c lu+o+.n tre^n ma^y, ro^`ng bay, ro^`ng mu'a, ro^`ng hu't nu+o+'c, ro^`ng nhe nanh xo`e vuo^'t,....

Ma(.c du` co' nhie^`u ddie^?m kha'c bie^.t khi mo^ ta? "dung nhan" ho. ha`ng nha` ro^`ng, nhu+ng ca? DDo^ng la^~n Ta^y Phu+o+ng dde^`u ddo^`ng quan ddie^?m khi cho ra(`ng ro^`ng di truye^`n ba(`ng ca'ch dde? tru+'ng. Sau mo^.t tho+`i gian a^'p, tru+'ng no+? tha`nh ro^`ng con. Tha^.m chi', mo^.t so^' ngu+o+`i Ta^y Phu+o+ng co`n pha'c tha?o ra ca? chu ky` sinh tru+o+?ng cu?a loa`i ro^`ng nu+~a chu+'. Theo ho. thi` tru+'ng ro^`ng tu+o+ng tu+. nhu+ tru+'ng ga`, nhu+ng chie^`u cao co+~ 2 dde^'n 4 feet. Vo? ma^`u tra('ng ddu.c, ra^'t da^`y va` cu+'ng. Tu+` khi sinh ra, tru+'ng ro^`ng pha?i ddu+o+.c a^'p khoa?ng 8 tha'ng thi` ca'c nho'c ti` ro^`ng mo+'i du`ng dduo^i cho.c thu?ng vo? tru+'ng dde^? chi'nh thu+'c nha^.p va`o xa~ ho^.i loa`i... ro^`ng vo+'i te^n go.i Hatchling. Trong 6 tha'ng dda^`u, ro^`ng me. ca^`n nhai va` mo+'m mo^`i cho ca'c con. Sau ddo', nho'c ta tu+. cha^.p chu+~ng theo me. kie^'m mo^`i. Ro^`ng bo^' thu+o+`ng ra^'t dda.i la~n, hie^'m khi chi.u giu'p vo+. sa(n mo^`i nuo^i con; thu+o+`ng thi` ca'c o^ng bo^' ro^`ng se~ ti`m co+' dde^? ru't lui co' tra^.t tu+. ve^` la~nh tho^? rie^ng. Khi mo+'i ca^'t tie^'ng ru' cha`o ddo+`i, nho'c ro^`ng cao tu+` 2.5 dde^'n 4 feet. Sau khoa?ng 4 na(m lu?i thu?i theo me., nho'c ta se~ cao vo.t le^n co+~ 5 dde^'n 10 feet va` ba('t dda^`u ro+`i to^? a^'m dde^? ddi "la^.p nghie^.p" nhu+ mo^.t Dragonet. Tu+` 4 dde^'n 30 tuo^?i, ro^`ng nhi' nha` ta se~ tu+. ti`m mo^`i, tie^'p tu.c pha't trie^?n chie^`u cao tu+` 7 dde^'n 30 feet, va` ta^.p ta`nh ca'c chie^u thu+'c bay, bo+i, ... ddo^.c dda'o rie^ng cu?a ho. nha` ro^`ng. Khi bu+o+'c va`o lu+'a tuo^?i tu+` 30 dde^'n 200, ro^`ng ta dda~ ddu? kho^n ngoan, chi'nh cha('n va` "co^ng lu+.c" dde^? chi'nh thu+'c tham gia ha`ng ngu~ Drake. Lu'c na`y, to^'c ddo^. ta(ng tru+o+?ng ve^` the^? lu+.c tu+` tu+` cha^.m la.i (trung bi`nh Drake cao co+~ 20 dde^'n 80 feet), nhu+ng la.i pha't trie^?n ma.nh ve^` ma(.t tri' tue^. cu~ng nhu+ "no^.i co^ng". DDa^y cu~ng la` lu'c ro^`ng "da^.y thi`" va` ba('t dda^`u ta^.p ta`nh ke^'t ddo^i ro^`i sinh sa?n. La^.p la.i ca'i vo`ng lua^?n qua^?n cu?a do`ng ho. ro^`ng. Tu+` tuo^?i 200 dde^'n 1000 na(m, ro^`ng mo+'i ddu+o+.c chi'nh thu+'c coi nhu+ la` Dragon vo+'i dda(.c quye^`n ddu+o+.c ho.c ho?i ca'c "bi' truye^`n" cu?a to^? tie^n. Khi na`y, ro^`ng dda~ cao ddu+o+.c tu+` 60 dde^'n 300 feet va` ha^`u nhu+ ba^'t tu+? tru+` khi bi. ha. du+o+'i nhu+~ng phe'p ma^`u dda(.c bie^.t. Sau khi dda~ qua lu+'a tuo^?i thie^n tue^' (1000 na(m) vo+'i chie^`u cao tu+` 200 dde^'n 300 feet, ro^`ng ddu+o+.c coi nhu+ Wyrm. DDa^y la` giai ddoa.n cuo^'i cu?a loa`i ro^`ng, ro^`ng dda~ tro+? tha`nh ba^'t tu+? tru+` khi muo^'n... "tu+. tu+?".

O+? Ta^y Phu+o+ng, ro^`ng tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho ye^u qua'i, su+. che^'t cho'c va` ta`n pha', bi. xem nhu+ ddie^`m xa^'u, chuye^n mang dde^'n nhu+~ng tai ho.a nhu+: ma^'t mu`a, ddo^.ng dda^'t, nu'i lu+?a, tre? con bi. ma^'t ti'ch, vv... vv... ca^`n ddu+o+.c tie^u tru+`. DDie^`u na`y ddu+o+.c nha('c dde^'n trong nhie^`u giai thoa.i, cha(?ng ha.n nhu+: St. Georges and the Dragon, Beowulf and the Dragon, Draco trong phim DragonHeart,... Vlad Drakul co' nghi~a nhu+ con cu?a ro^`ng, co`n ddu+o+.c hie^?u nhu+ la` ye^u qua'i. Co' truye^`n thuye^'t cho ra(`ng a(n tim ro^`ng co' the^? hie^?u ddu+o+.c tie^'ng loa`i chim, a(n lu+o+~i ro^`ng co' the^? tha('ng trong mo.i cuo^.c tranh lua^.n, bo^i ma'u ro^`ng le^n da se~ kho^ng bi. te^n dda.n la`m bi. thu+o+ng, ... Ha?i ta(.c Vikings thu+o+`ng kha('c dda^`u ro^`ng tre^n mu~i thuye^`n. Nga`y nay, co+` Wales co`n mang hi`nh ro^`ng ddo? tre^n ne^`n xanh la' ca^y hay tra('ng va` ro^`ng ddo? ddu+o+.c xem nhu+ la` bie^?u tu+o+.ng cu?a nu+o+'c.

Trong khi ddo' o+? DDo^ng Phu+o+ng, ro^`ng la.i ddu+o+.c xem nhu+ ddie^`m to^'t mang la.i gio', mu+a va` su+. ddu+o+.c mu`a, nhu+ bie^?u tu+o+.ng cu?a thi.nh vu+o+.ng va` ho`a bi`nh. Ro^`ng thuo^.c ve^` du+o+ng, mang hi`nh tu+o+.ng cu?a ly' tri', y' chi' qua^.t cu+o+`ng, quye^`n lu+.c pha't huy dde^'n cao ddo^. vo+'i tra.ng tha'i tinh tha^`n tha(ng hoa ho`a nha^.p tha`nh mo^.t vo+'i the^? tro+`i. Vi` the^', vo+'i ngu+o+`i DDo^ng phu+o+ng, ro^`ng la` va^.t linh thie^ng cao quy', bie^?u tru+ng su+'c ma.nh quye^`n uy va` su+. cao sang. Ngu+o+`i Trung Hoa tin ra(`ng co' bo^'n loa`i ro^`ng: Tien-lung ba?o ve^. la~nh tho^? do tro+`i ban, Shen-lung ddie^`u khie^?n mu+a gio', Ti-lung ddie^`u khie^?n so^ng nu+o+'c va` Put's-lung ba?o ve^. ca'c ta`i nguye^n khoa'ng sa?n cu`ng dda' quy'. Tho+`i phong kie^'n, ro^`ng ddu+o+.c da`nh rie^ng dde^? chi? nha` vua. Ro^`ng ddu+o+.c du`ng dde^? trang tri' cung ddie^.n, ba`n ghe^', che'n ddi~a vua a(n, the^u a'o, kha(n cu?a vua ma(.c, tra.m tro^? tre^n xe vua ddi,... Thuye^`n ro^`ng la` thuye^`n cu?a vua du`ng khi co`n tho+`i phong kie^'n. Sau na`y chi? nhu+~ng chie^'c thuye^`n cha.m tro^? hi`nh ro^`ng ca^`u ky`. Sa^n ro^`ng la` no+i ca'c quan tu. ho.p. Gia^'c ro^`ng a'm chi? gia^'c ngu? cu?a vua. Mi`nh ro^`ng, tha^n ro^`ng chi? nha` vua. Tru+'ng ro^`ng ngu. y' chi? con ca'i cu?a vua. Ngoa`i ra, giu+o+`ng vua ngu? go.i la` long sa`ng. Long ba`o la` a'o the^u ro^`ng vua ma(.c khi ra ba`n vie^.c nu+o+'c. A'o le^~ thi` go.i la` long co^?n. Xe vua ddi co`n go.i la` long gia' hay long xa. Long nhan ngu. y' a'm chi? dung ma.o gu+o+ng ma(.t vua. Co`n long the^? chi? tha^n mi`nh vua. Trong da^n gian, ca'c co^.t ke`o cu?a chu`a ddi`nh cu~ng ddu+o+.c phe'p cha.m tro^? hi`nh ro^`ng, nhu+ng cha^n ro^`ng chi? co' 3 mo'ng. Chi? rie^ng ro^`ng trong cung ddi`nh mo+'i ddu+o+.c cha.m 5 mo'ng. Khi vie^'ng tha(m DDa.i No^.i na(`m o+? bo+` ba('c so^ng Hu+o+ng, bu+o+'c va`o be^n trong cu+?a Ngo. Mo^n, qua kho?i ca^`u Trung DDa.o la` DDie^.n Tha'i Ho`a vo+'i nhu+~ng con ro^`ng va`ng na(`m tre^n ca'c co^.t nha` so+n ddo? tro^ng tha^.t uy nghi.

Theo ta`i lie^.u, hi`nh tu+o+.ng ro^`ng xua^'t hie^.n tu+` ra^'t so+'m vo+'i ca'c bo^. to^.c Ba('c Vie^.t o+? lu+u vu+.c so^ng Du+o+ng Tu+?. Sau ddo', ro^`ng tro+? tha`nh va^.t to^? cu?a da^n La.c Vie^.t, tu+'c Vie^.t Nam nga`y nay. Va`o tho+`i ddo', da^n chu'ng so^'ng chu? ye^'u ba(`ng nghe^` dda'nh ca' vo+'i tu.c ca.o to'c, xa^m mi`nh cho gio^'ng giao long dde^? tra'nh nguy hie^?m khi la(.n ngu.p du+o+'i bie^?n. Pha?i cha(ng vi` the^', ngu+o+`i Ba'ch Vie^.t co`n ddu+o+.c go.i la` Giao Chi?. Ne^'u hie^?u "Giao" la` vie^'t ta('t cu?a chu+~ giao long, "Chi?" la` dda^'t thi` "Giao Chi?" la` vu`ng dda^'t co' nhie^`u giao long, hay la` no+i o+? cu?a nhie^`u ngu+o+`i xa^m hi`nh giao long, chu+' kho^ng pha?i la` chi? ta^.t co' hai ngo'n cha^n ca'i (chi?) giao nhau. Sau na`y, khi Ha'n to^.c tu+` cha^u tho^? so^ng Hoa`ng Ha` tra`n xuo^'ng xa^m chie^'m, ca'c bo^. to^.c Vie^.t mo+'i ba('t dda^`u di cu+ ve^` phu+o+ng Nam theo hai ddu+o+`ng: mo^.t nho'm theo ddu+o+`ng bo^., mo^.t nho'm theo ddu+o+`ng bie^?n. Pha?i cha(ng dda^y chi'nh la` nguye^n nha^n pha't sinh ra truye^`n thuye^'t La.c Long Qua^n va` A^u Co+ (con ro^`ng cha'u tie^n) ? Nhu+ dda~ ne^u o+? tre^n, ro^`ng ddu+'ng ha`ng dda^`u trong tu+' linh (long la^n quy phu.ng) ne^n chie^'m mo^.t ddi.a vi. quan tro.ng trong xa~ ho^.i DDo^ng Phu+o+ng. Do ddo', du` kho^ng hie^.n hu+~u trong cuo^.c so^'ng ha`ng nga`y, ro^`ng va^~n thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c nha('c dde^'n trong nhie^`u chuye^.n tha^`n thoa.i, co^? ti'ch, li.ch su+? tha^.m chi' trong ca'c ca^u ddo^', ca dao, tu.c ngu+~,...

"so^ng Cu+?u Long chi'n cu+?a hai do`ng
ngu+o+`i thu+o+ng anh vo^ so^'
nhu+ng anh chi? mo^.t lo`ng vo+'i em"

"dda^`u ra('n, dduo^i co^ng, cha^n ro^`ng mu~i tho? la` ca' ro^`ng sao, gio^'ng Nam Du+o+ng, so^'ng tre^n bo+` dde? tru+'ng. Khi che^'t dduo^i nga^.m trong mo^`m"

"dda^`u ro^`ng dduo^i phu.ng le the
mu`a xua^n a^'p tru+'ng, mu`a he` no+? con"


"tre^n tro+`i co' ma^y ho'a kie^?ng
du+o+'i bie^?n co' ca' ho'a long
anh ddi lu.c ti?nh gia'p vo`ng
to+'i dda^y tro+`i khie^'n ddem lo`ng thu+o+ng em"

"the^' gian ddu+o+.c vo+. ma^'t cho^`ng
dda^u pha?i nhu+ ro^`ng ma` ddu+o+.c ca? ddo^i"


"thuye^`n pha?i theo la'i, ga'i pha?i theo cho^`ng
cho^`ng ddi hang ra('n hang ro^`ng vo+. cu~ng pha?i theo"


"tru+'ng ro^`ng la.i no+? ra ro^`ng
ha.t tho^ng la.i no+? ca^y tho^ng ru+o+`m ra`
co' cha co' me. mo+'i co' ta
con ne^n la` bo+?i me. cha vun tro^`ng"

"vo'c ro^`ng thi` dde^? ha^`u vua
va?i tho^ lu.a xa^'u thi` chu+`a cho da^n"

"ro^`ng cha^`u ngoa`i Hue^', ngu+.a te^' DDo^`ng Nai
nu+o+'c so^ng trong cha?y lo^.n so^ng ngoa`i
thu+o+ng ngu+o+`i qua^n tu+? la.c loa`i to+'i dda^y"

"ro^`ng na(`m be^? ca.n pho+i ra^u
ma^'y lo+`i anh no'i gia^'u dda^`u ho+? dduo^i"

"ro^`ng va`ng ta('m nu+o+'c ao tu`
ngu+o+`i kho^n o+? vo+'i ngu+o+`i ngu bu+.c mi`nh"

"lo^~ mu~i em thi` ta'm ga'nh lo^ng
cho^`ng ye^u, cho^`ng ba?o ra^u ro^`ng tro+`i cho
dde^m na(`m thi` nga'y o o
cho^`ng ye^u, cho^`ng ba?o nga'y cho vui nha`..."

"mo^.t dde^m tu+.a ma.n thuye^`n ro^`ng
co`n ho+n chi'n kie^'p ngo^`i trong thuye^`n cha`i"

"ngo^`i buo^`n go+?i bu+'c thu+ sang
co' con ro^`ng ba.ch cha('n ngang giu+~a tro+`i
va^.y ne^n thu+ cha(?ng to+'i no+i
trong thu+ ai bie^'t nhu+~ng lo+`i la`m sao"

"ho^m qua anh dde^'n cho+i nha`
tha^'y me. na(`m vo~ng, tha^'y cha na(`m giu+o+`ng
tha^'y em na(`m dda^'t, anh thu+o+ng
anh ddi mua go^~ ddo'ng giu+o+`ng ta'm thang
bo^'n go'c thi` anh bi.t va`ng
bo^'t cha^n bi.t ba.c, ta'm thang cha.m ro^`ng"

Ca^u "ro^`ng bay phu+o+.ng mu'a" dde^? khen ne't chu+~ pho'ng khoa'ng, dde.p ma` kho^ng go` bo'. Ca^u "ro^`ng ma^y ga(.p ho^.i" (hay long ho^? phong va^n) y' no'i ga(.p lu'c thua^.n lo+.i dde^? thu+.c hie^.n y' ddo^` cu?a mi`nh, tho+`i xu+a thu+o+`ng du`ng dde^? a'm chi? vie^.c thi' sinh ga(.p ky` thi dde^? mong ddo^~ dda.t. Nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i ddo^~ dda.t cao thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c khen la` "ca' ho'a ro^`ng" hay "ca' ho'a long" ngu. y' no'i xu+a la` ca' che'p nay nho+` ddo^~ dda.t (vu+o+.t vu~ mo^n) ne^n ddu+o+.c ho'a tha`nh ro^`ng. Ca^u "ca' ga(.p nu+o+'c, ro^`ng ga(.p ma^y" chi? vie^.c ga(.p di.p co' nhu+~ng ddie^`u kie^.n thua^.n lo+.i ho+.p y' muo^'n dde^? hoa.t ddo^.ng. Vo+'i ke? bi. tha^'t ba.i vi` kho^ng co' ta`i ma` la.i muo^'n la`m vie^.c lo+'n, ngu+o+`i ddo+`i thu+o+`ng hay che^' gie^~u "ve~ ro^`ng ne^n giun". Hay dde^? che^ ngu+o+`i cu+' ve~ chuye^.n la`m cho co^ng vie^.c the^m phu+'c ta.p thi` co' ca^u "ve~ ro^`ng, ve~ ra('n". Hay tu+o+ng tu+. nhu+ ca^u "cha.m ro^`ng, tro^? phu+o+.ng" chi? vie^.c u+a to^ ddie^?m ru+o+`m ra`. Ca^u "a(n nhu+ ro^`ng cuo^.n, la`m nhu+ ca` cuo^'ng lo^.i nu+o+'c" ngu. y' che^' gie^~u ngu+o+`i a(n nhie^`u, a(n tham nhu+ng khi la`m vie^.c thi` la.i lu+o+`i bie^'ng. DDe^? khuye^n ta khi dda('c the^' pha?i nghi~ dde^'n khi tha^'t the^', ca^u "sa co+, ro^`ng cu~ng nhu+ giun kha'c na`o" thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c nha('c to+'i. Ca^u "ro^`ng dde^'n nha` to^m" thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c du`ng vo+'i y' nhu'n nhu+o+`ng hay bo^ng ddu`a khi ga(.p ba.n la^u nga`y mo+'i dde^'n tha(m mi`nh. Ca^u "ro^`ng ro^`ng theo na., qua. theo ga` con" (ro^`ng ro^`ng la` ca' chuo^'i con mo+'i no+?, na. la` me.) y' no'i ca' con theo me. thi` ddu'ng, nhu+ng qua. theo ga` con dde^? ri`nh ba('t ddi, a'm chi? ngu+o+`i chi? ri`nh la`m ha.i ngu+o+`i kha'c. Tu+o+ng tu+. nhu+ ca^u "va`ng thau la^~n lo^.n" co`n co' ca^u "long xa` ho^~n ta.p" a'm chi? vie^.c phu+'c ta.p kho' bie^'t ro~ tha^.t hu+, ne^'u so+ y' thi` de^~ bi. la^`m la^~n. Ca^u "long tranh ho^? dda^'u" chi? su+. tranh dda^'u quye^'t lie^.t. DDe^? a'm chi? cho^~ hie^?m ye^'u, ngu+o+`i ta hay no'i "long ha`m, ho^? cu+'" hay "long dda`m, ho^? huye^.t". Ca^u "ro^`ng dden la^'y nu+o+'c thi` na('ng, ro^`ng tra('ng la^'y nu+o+'c thi` mu+a" (ro^`ng la` co+n lo^'c tu+` bie^?n vu+o+n le^n tro+`i) la` mo^.t kinh nghie^.m da^n gian nha^.n xe't ma`u ma^y ma` ddoa'n mu+a hay na('ng. Ngu+o+`i Vie^.t chu'ng ta thu+o+`ng tu+. ha`o la` "con ro^`ng cha'u tie^n" do la^'y y' tu+` ti'ch La.c Long Qua^n la` gio^'ng ro^`ng ke^'t ho+.p cu`ng A^u Co+ la` gio^'ng tie^n sinh ra tra(m tru+'ng no+? ra tra(m con, kho+?i sinh ra tho+`i dda.i Hu`ng Vu+o+ng la` to^? tie^n cu?a da^nVie^.t. Ngu+o+`i xu+a chu' y' dde^'n ro^`ng vo+'i mo^.t su+. suy nghi~ co' pha^`n dda(.c bie^.t, kha'c ha(?n vo+'i chu'ng ta nga`y nay. Do ddo', ro^`ng dda~ tha`nh mo^.t trong nhu+~ng hi`nh a?nh trang tri' co' y' nghi~a ra^'t quan tro.ng trong suo^'t ddo+`i nha` Ly'. Theo ta`i lie^.u, co' the^? tha^'y ra(`ng trong tho+`i Ba('c thuo^.c dda~ co' mo^.t ne^`n va(n ho'a da^n gian ra^'t ddo^.c dda'o rie^ng bie^.t cu?a Vie^.t Nam ddu+o+.c pho^? bie^'n, tha^.m chi' co`n to? ra tro^.i ho+n ha(?n ne^`n va(n ho'a cu?a Trung Hoa. Ne^`n va(n ho'a ddo' ddu+o+.c the^? hie^.n ve^` ma(.t nghe^. thua^.t chu? ye^'u qua ca'c ne't ve~ va` kha('c tre^n ma(.t pha(?ng cu?a nhu+~ng cha^'t lie^.u de^~ ti`m nhu+ng kho^ng ba?o to^`n ddu+o+.c la^u da`i nhu+ tre, go^~ hay ba(`ng ne't tra.m cu?a ddo^` trang su+'c ba(`ng kim loa.i he^'t su+'c tinh vi. Nhu+~ng ve^'t ti'ch cuo^'i cu`ng cu?a ro^`ng ddo+`i Ly' ma~i dde^'n giai ddoa.n sau ddo+`i vua Le^ Tha'nh To^ng mo+'i hoa`n toa`n ma^'t ha(?n. Ro^`ng co`n la` dde^` ta`i dde^? sa'ng ta'c trong ca'c co^ng tri`nh ho.a, ddie^u kha('c, ... Mu'a ro^`ng la` mo^.t loa.i tri`nh die^~n dda(.c bie^.t cu?a Trung Hoa vo+'i nhu+~ng ma^`u sa('c lo^.ng la^~y, tie^'t ta^'u nhi.p nha`ng vui nho^.n trong tie^'ng chie^ng, tro^'ng va` tie^'ng pha'o no^? gio`n gia~. Tu.c ddua thuye^`n ro^`ng la` mo^.t mo^n the^? thao vu+`a nhuo^'m ma^`u sa('c truye^`n tho^'ng, vu+`a ly' thu' bo^? i'ch luo^n thu hu't ddu+o+.c su+. tham gia va` chu' y' cu?a nhie^`u ngu+o+`i. Ca'c co^.t go^~, rui, me`, khung treo chuo^ng thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c nghe^. nha^n ddie^u kha('c hi`nh ro^`ng phu+o+.ng ra^'t tinh vi. Ro^`ng tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho thi.nh vu+o+.ng, an la.c ne^n thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c trang tri' trong nha` ha`ng, thie^.p va` tie^.c cu+o+'i, thie^.p ba'o hi?,... va` ngay ca? tre^n a'o cu+o+'i nu+~a. Chie^'c a'o da`i cu+o+'i ba(`ng nhung ddo? ddu+o+.c ke^'t hi`nh ro^`ng phu+o+.ng the^u hay ra('c kim tuye^'n tha^.t khe'o le'o tro^ng vu+`a lo^.ng la^~y vu+`a la`m ta(ng ne't ye^u kie^`u cu?a co^ da^u, ra^'t ddu+o+.c nhie^`u ngu+o+`i u+a chuo^.ng va` ta'n thu+o+?ng. Trong nhie^`u gia ddi`nh, va`o nga`y cu+o+'i tre^n ba`n tho+` to^? tie^n co`n ca^`n pha?i tha('p ca(.p ne^'n (dde`n ca^`y) long phu+o+.ng nhu+ mo^.t ddie^`m la`nh cho ddo^i vo+. cho^`ng mo+'i. Co' khi ngu+o+`i ta co`n du`ng go^'i va` cha(n long phu.ng tra?i giu+o+`ng trong pho`ng ta^n ho^n tu+o+ng tu+. nhu+ lo+`i chu'c phu'c mong hai ngu+o+`i se~ luo^n ha.nh phu'c dda^`m a^'m nhu+"long phu.ng ho`a hie^.p".

Tuy va^.y, cha(?ng hie^?u sao khi dda(.t te^n, ngu+o+`i ta la.i "ky. hu'y" ne^n chi? du`ng chu+~ Thi`n hay Long, nhu+: Gia Long la` dde^' hie^.u cu?a Nguye^~n A'nh khi le^n ngo^i, mo+? dda^`u cho trie^`u dda.i nha` Nguye^~n. Tu+o+ng truye^`n, khi co`n tha^'t the^', trong mo^.t ky` bi. qua^n Ta^y So+n truy dduo^?i ra'o rie^'t nho+` co' mo^.t co^`n dda^'t no^?i le^n ca?n ne^n Nguye^~n A'nh mo+'i thoa't na.n. Vi` the^', sau ddo' co^`n dda^'t na`y ddu+o+.c go.i la` co^`n Ro^`ng. Nha('c dde^'n Gia Long, ta co' nho+' dde^'n te^n go.i ngo^i tru+o+`ng nu+~ trung ho.c lo+'n nha^'t mie^`n Nam ma` sau 75 dda~ bi. ddo^?i te^n tha`nh NTMK. Co^? Long (te^n mo^.t ta'c gia? chuye^n vie^'t truye^.n kie^'m hie^.p), Tu`ng Long (te^n mo^.t ta'c gia? vie^'t truye^.n ta^m ly' xa~ ho^.i), Tha`nh Long, Ly' Tie^?u Long, DDi.ch Long (la` nhu+~ng ta`i tu+? Trung Hoa no^?i tie^'ng), Trie^.u Tu+? Long (la` mo^.t danh tu+o+'ng du+o+'i tru+o+'ng cu?a Lu+u Ha'n DDe^'), Ngo.a Long la` danh hie^.u cu?a vi. qua^n su+ no^?i tie^'ng tho+`i Tam Quo^'c Kho^?ng Minh Gia Ca't Lu+o+.ng, .... Thu+? ddie^?m so+ qua mo^.t so^' ta'c pha^?m kie^'m hie^.p no^?i tie^'ng cu?a Kim Dung, ta tha^'y co': Tie^?u Long Nu+~ la` nha^n va^.t nu+~ no^?i tie^'ng ra^'t ddu+o+.c nhie^`u ngu+o+`i me^'n chuo^.ng trong bo^. Tha^`n DDie^u DDa.i Hie^.p, Tha^`n Long Gia'o ta.i Long Xa` dda?o la` mo^.t mo^n pha'i ra^'t lo+.i ha.i ddu+o+.c dde^` ca^.p dde^'n trong bo^. Lo^.c DDi?nh Ky', mo^n vo~ Gia'ng Long Tha^.p Ba't chu+o+?ng ddu+o+.c nha('c dde^'n trong ca? bo^. Anh Hu`ng Xa. DDie^u la^~n Thie^n Long Tha^.p Ba't Bo^., Tu+? Sam Long Vu+o+ng la` mo^.t trong tu+' dda.i ho^. pha'p cu?a Minh Gia'o trong bo^. Co^ Ga'i DDo^` Long, vv... vv... DDo^` Long DDao, Thanh Long DDao la` nhu+~ng ca^y ddao no^?i tie^'ng theo truye^`n thuye^'t. Tra` O^ Long va` Long Ti~nh la` hai loa.i tra` ngon va` quy'. Ba?o Hie^n Ro^`ng Va`ng la` te^n mo^.t tie^.m ba'nh no^?i tie^'ng tu+` tru+o+'c 75. Ngoa`i ra, ngu+o+`i ta co`n u+a chuo^.ng ke`m chu+~ Long khi dda(.t te^n ca'c ddi.a danh. Thu+? nhi`n so+ qua nhu+~ng ddi.a phu+o+ng tu+` Ba('c xuo^'ng Nam, (kho^ng theo ddu'ng thu+' tu+.), ta co': Tha(ng Long (tu.c truye^`n vi` tha^'y ro^`ng bay tre^n ma^y ne^n vua mo+'i dda(.t te^n tha`nh la` Tha(ng Long), Ha. Long, Minh Long, Long Bie^n, Phu+o+'c Long, Bi`nh Long, Long Kho^'t, Long My~, Long Phi, Long Toa`n, Long Ha?i, Ha?i Long, Vi~nh Long, Long Xuye^n, Long Kha'nh, Long An, Long Ho^`, DDu+'c Long, Long DDa^'t, Long La^m, Ha?i Long, Long Tha`nh,... va` so^ng Cu+?u Long chi'n nha'nh nhu+ chi'n con ro^`ng uo^'n khu'c.

Tuy nga`y nay, ho. ha`ng nha` ro^`ng ddu+o+.c coi nhu+ tuye^.t chu?ng nhu+ng va^~n co`n to^`n ta.i nhu+~ng ba` con da^y mo+ re^~ ma' thuo^.c loa.i "tha^'y sang ba('t qua`ng la`m ho. ... ro^`ng" nhu+: water dragons (mo^.t loa.i bo` sa't nho? thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c nuo^i la`m ca?nh), komodo dragons (mo^.t loa`i bo` sa't ddu+o+.c ti`m tha^'y tu+` 1912 da`i co+~ 10 feet va` na(.ng co+~ 150 pounds), dragonflies, snapdragon flowers (nhu+ te^n go.i vo+'i mie^.ng ddo? va` xoan mie^.ng va`ng), draco, ky` ro^`ng, ro^`ng ro^`ng (ca' chuo^'i con hay ca' tra`u con), giao long (alligator hay co`n go.i la` thuo^`ng luo^`ng), vv... vv... Tie^.n dda^y, ma.n phe'p lie^.t ke^ luo^n nhu+~ng "long", "ro^`ng" du` cha(?ng lie^n quan gi` dde^'n ho. nha` ro^`ng. Nhu+ tra'i thanh long te^n nghe dde.p ma` la.i a(n ngon. Long nha~n la` loa.i tra'i nha~n tie^'n nga`y xu+a da`nh rie^ng dde^? vua a(n, ra^'t ngon vi` ha.t nho?, thi.t da^`y ngo.t thanh. Long ma.ch tu+o+ng truye^`n la` ma.ch nu'i hi`nh nhu+ con ro^`ng na(`m uo^'n khu'c, ra^'t to^'t cho con cha'u. Ne^'u may ma('n ca?i ta'ng to^? tie^n ddu'ng long ma.ch thi` con cha'u se~ pha't dda.t ru+.c ro+~. Long phi a'm chi? vie^.c vua le^n ngo^i. Long Tri` la` te^n mo^.t ngo^i sao to^'t trong tu+? vi DDo^ng Phu+o+ng. Long bong la` tie^'ng nu+o+'c vo^~ ma.n thuye^`n. Ngu+.a lanh le. thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c go.i la` long ca^u. Long die^n hu+o+ng la` mo^.t loa.i hu+o+ng lie^.u de?o nhu+ sa'p, du`ng dde^? tri. dda`m. Long ddi`nh la` sa^n ro^`ng, sa^n cha^`u. Long ddong la` va^'t va?, kho^ng cha('c cha('n. Long huye^.t la` huye^.t to^'t, no+i co' khi' ma.nh cu?a nu'i non tu. la.i. Long lanh co' nghi~a sa'ng lo'ng la'nh. Long na~o la` loa.i ca^y co' ca`nh la', nhu+.a tho+m du`ng la`m vi. thuo^'c, thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c dde^? trong ca'c tu? a'o, sa'ch dde^? dduo^?i gia'n. Long Beach la` te^n mo^.t ba~i bie^?n no^?i tie^'ng be^n California. Longines la` te^n mo^.t hie^.u ddo^`ng ho^` no^?i tie^'ng. Long qua^n hay co`n go.i long vu+o+ng la` vi. tha^`n la`m mu+a. Trong Ta^y Du Ky' co' nha('c Tu+' Ha?i Long Vu+o+ng la` Ba('c Ha?i Long Vu+o+ng, DDo^ng Ha?i Long Vu+o+ng, Ta^y Ha?i Long Vu+o+ng va` Nam Ha?i Long Vu+o+ng cu`ng con ngu+.a ba.ch (long ma~)do tha'i tu+? con cu?a Long Vu+o+ng vi` pha.m to^.i ne^n pha?i la` ngu+.a ddu+a tha^`y Tam Ta.ng ddi thi?nh kinh chuo^.c lo^~i. Long tu la` mo^.t loa.i rong a(n ddu+o+.c. Long thi.nh co`n co' nghi~a hu+ng long, thi.nh vu+o+.ng. Long tro.ng ddo^`ng nghi~a vo+'i uy nghie^m va` trang tro.ng. Long cu+o+ng chi? vie^.c da^y cu+o+ng bi. tuo^.t. Long ddanh la` mo^.t ca'ch no'i chi? vie^.c bi. su't ddinh, bi. tuo^.t ca^y ddinh o+? mo^'i ddo'ng ra. Long so`ng so.c a'm chi? tia nhi`n du+~ do^.i khie^'n ngu+o+`i ta ca?m tha^'y so+. ha~i dde^'n long to'c ga'y. Long tro+`i lo+? dda^'t la` tha`nh ngu+~ thu+o+`ng du`ng chi? su+. vie^.c la`m dda?o lo^.n tra^.t tu+.. Vo`i ro^`ng la` te^n go.i vo`i xi.t nu+o+'c trong xe cu+'u ho?a. DDa^.u ro^`ng la` te^n mo^.t loa.i dda^.u a(n kha' ngon. Hoa mo'ng ro^`ng ma^`u sa('c dde.p tuy kho^ng co' hu+o+ng tho+m. Ca^y xu+o+ng ro^`ng la` mo^.t loa.i ca^y thu+o+`ng mo.c nhie^`u o+? sa ma.c, vo+'i nhie^`u loa.i co' hi`nh da.ng ma^`u sa('c kha'c nhau; va` ddu+o+.c nha('c dde^'n trong mo^.t ca^u ddo^'i xu+a: "ca^y xu+o+ng ro^`ng gio^`ng dda^'t ra('n, long la.i hoa`n long". Ro^`ng tru'c co' nghi~a ca^y ga^.y tru'c ho'a tha`nh ro^`ng. Theo ti'ch ddo+`i xu+a co' ba^.c tie^n ne'm ga^.y tru'c xuo^'ng ruo^.ng sa('n thi` ho'a ra ro^`ng. Ro^`ng ra('n la` mo^.t tro` cho+i cu?a tre? em ra^'t ddo+n gia?n nhu+ng kho^ng ke'm pha^`n vui nho^.n. Theo tu+? vi DDo^ng Phu+o+ng, ngu+o+`i tuo^?i Thi`n co' thie^n ta`i ve^` su+'c khoe?, nghi. lu+.c, can dda?m, va` nha.y ca?m. Ho. no'i chuye^.n ngay tha(?ng va` cha^n thu+.c. Tuo^?i Thi`n thu+o+`ng bie^?u hie^.u cho su+'c ma.nh tha^`n tha'nh va` xua^'t chu'ng nha^'t. Cu`ng vo+'i tuo^?i Da^`n, tuo^?i na`y co' a?nh hu+o+?ng ra^'t lo+.i trong tu+? vi. Bie^?u tu+o+.ng cho ddo+`i so^'ng va` ta(ng tru+o+?ng ngu+o+`i ta no'i ro^`ng co' bo^'n ddie^`u phu'c lo+.i: ddu+'c ha.nh, gia`u co', ha`i hoa`, va` so^'ng la^u. Ta^'t ca? nhu+~ng tuo^?i trong cung tu+? vi thi` tuo^?i na`y la` tuo^?i phi thu+o+`ng nha^'t. Tuo^?i ro^`ng la` ngu+o+`i la`m ra^'t gio?i, nhu+ng ddo^i khi ba`y to? tha`nh y' trong nhu+~ng vie^.c xa^'u ho+n la` to^'t. Nga.c nhie^n thay! Tuo^?i Thi`n ra^'t de^~ bi. me^`m lo`ng bo+?i lo+`i ni.nh ho't. No'ng na^?y, de^~ bi. ki'ch thi'ch, va` ra^'t la` cu+'ng dda^`u, ho. dde^? cho ho^n nha^n vuo^.t kho?i ro^`i pha?i ddu+o+ng dda^`u vo+'i su+. co^ ddo+n va`o tuo^?i gia`. Ro^`ng la` con va^.t ngoa.i le^., cho du` phun lu+?a hoa(.c qua^'y nhie^~u, ngu+o+`i tuo^?i Thi`n thu+o+`ng thu hu't, va` cu`ng lu'c thu+o+?ng thu+'c su+. chu' y' cu?a ngu+o+`i kha'c. Ngu+o+`i ca^`m tinh tuo^?i ro^`ng ddo`i ho?i nhie^`u ho+n khi o+? nha` nhu+~ng hoa`n ca?nh ma` ca^`n ha`nh ddo^.ng ma.nh da.n ho+n la` nhu+~ng tho^ng le^. trong co^ng vie^.c ha`ng nga`y. Ngu+o+`i tuo^?i Thi`n thi` tu+. tin va` co' the^? bo? nhie^`u su+'c vo^ co^ng vie^.c dde^? ddu+o+ng dda^`u vo+'i nhu+~ng ddo`i ho?i trong lu'c a^'y - cho to+'i khi ho. co' the^? ddi qua' mu+'c va` xe't ddoa'n sai la^`m qua su+. thu'c dda^?y, me^.t mo?i, hoa(.c thie^'u su+. tra cu+'u. Tu+` ngu+o+`i ye^u, ho. ddu+o+.c nhie^`u su+. ki'ch thi'ch qua su+. ho`a ddo^`ng. Bo+?i the^', ngu+o+`i ba.n ddo+`i ca^`n co' chung luo^`ng so'ng ddie^.n ra^'t la` ca^`n thie^'t chongu+o+`i tuo^?i Thi`n.

Cha(?ng hie^?u ta.i sao ngu+o+`i ta la.i bie^'t ddu+o+.c la` ro^`ng ho+.p vo+'i chuo^.t va` khi? (Tha^n Ty' Thi`n tam ho+.p) va` ky. nhau vo+'i cho', tra^u va` de^ (Thi`n Tua^'t Su+?u Mu`i tu+' ha`nh xung). Co' le~ vi` chuo^.t va` khi? cu~ng li' la('c, lanh le. va` u+a tro` nha`o lo^.n nhu+ ro^`ng ne^n mo+'i y' dda^`u ta^m ho+.p cha(ng? Ne^'u ddu'ng va^.y thi` cha(?ng tra'ch na`o ro^`ng ta kho^ng u+a ba'c tra^u gia` cha^.m cha.p, cu. de^ ddu?ng ddi?nh vo+'i anh cho' la(ng xa(ng. Theo ngu~ ha`nh, "Thi`n" thuo^.c Du+o+ng, ha`nh Tho^?, vu+o+.ng va`o ca'c tha'ng 3, 6, 9, 12. "Canh" thuo^.c Du+o+ng, ha`nh Kim. Nhu+ va^.y theo que? ddoa'n... mo`, na(m Canh Thi`n thuo^.c Du+o+ng se~ la` mo^.t na(m hu+ng thi.nh vo+'i nhie^`u tha`nh co^ng va` nhu+~ng ddie^`u thu' vi. ba^'t ngo+`. Ne^'u ba.n na`o muo^'n bie^'t ro~ ho+n ve^` tho+`i va^.n na(m nay, xin vui lo`ng lie^n la.c ve^`1-800-DDOAN-MO. Me^'n chu'c ca'c ba.n mo^.t na(m Canh Thi`n an khang, thi.nh vu+o+.ng va` dda.t nhie^`u may ma('n, tha`nh co^ng trong mo.i du+. ti'nh cho... the^' ky? 21 nha.

TE^'T NGUYE^N DDA'N

La` tie^'t le^~ dda^`u tie^n cu?a na(m ba('t dda^`u tu+` lu'c giao thu+`a to+'i le^~ tru+` ti.ch.

Nguye^n la` ba('t dda^`u. DDa'n la` buo^?i so+'m mai. Te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n tu+'c la` te^'t ba('t dda^`u na(m, mo+? dda^`u cho mo^.t na(m mo+'i vo+'i ta^'t ca? ca'c ca?nh va^.t dde^`u mo+'i me? ddo'n Xua^n sang.

Na(m mo+'i dde^'n, nhu+~ng su+. mau ma('t mo+'i cu~ng dde^'n, va` bao nhie^u nhu+~ng ddie^`u dden to^'i, kho^ng may ma('n cu?a na(m cu~ dde^`u theo na(m cu~ ma` he^'t.

Theo su+? Trung Quo^'c, a^m li.ch co' tu+` ddo+`i nha` Ha. va` la^'y te^n 12 chi dda(.t cho 12 tha'ng.

Tha'ng Da^`n la` tha'ng Gie^ng ddu+o+.c cho.n la`m tha'ng dda^`u na(m va` ngu+o+`i ta a(n te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n va`o dda^`u tha'ng Da^`n. Ve^` sau dde^'n ddo+`i nha` A^n, co' thay ddo^?i, la^'y tha'ng Su+?u la`m tha'ng dda^`u na(m, ro^`i dde^'n ddo+`i nha` Chu su+?a la.i la^'t tha'ng Ty'. Sang dde^'n ddo+`i nha` Ta^`n, Ta^`n Thu?y Hoa`ng la.i su+?a nu+~a, la^'y tha'ng Ho+.i, nhu+ng dde^'n ddo+`i vua Ha'n Vu~ DDe^', dda^`u na(m la.i ba('t dda^`u tu+` tha'ng Da^`n nhu+ ddo+`i nha` Ha., va` tu+` ddo' kho^ng co' su+. thay ddo^?i nu+~a.

Tha^.t ra, Te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n ba('t dda^`u va`o tha'ng Da^`n la` ra^'t pha?i, vi` lu'c ddo' mu`a DDo^ng vu+`a qua, tie^'t la.nh vu+`a he^'t, nga`y xua^n a^'m a'p to+'i, hoa co? ddua tu+o+i, khie^'n con ngu+o+`i cu~ng ha^`u nhu+ bie^'n ddo^?i ca? ta^m ho^`n sau mo^.t na(m la`m a(n va^'t va?.

Ngu+o+`i ngu+o+`i vui ve? ddo'n mu`a xua^n mo+'i, lo`ng chu+'a chan hy vo.ng o+? nhu+~ng su+. hy vo.ng mo+'i. Ai cu~ng vui, ne^n kho^ng ai ba?o ai, ga(.p nhau ngu+o+`i ta dde^`u ca^`u chu'c cho nhau nhu+~ng ddie^`u to^'t dde.p: Phu'c, Lo^.c, Tho., Khang, Ninh.

GIAO THU+`A

Te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n ba('t dda^`u tu+` lu'c Giao Thu+`a. Le^~ tro+`i dda^'t co' kho+?i thu?y pha?i co' le^~ ta^.n cu`ng, mo^.t na(m dda~ ba('t dda^`u a('t pha?i co' he^'t, ba('t dda^`u va`o lu'c giao thu+`a, cu~ng la.i he^'t va`o lu'c giao thu+`a.

Giao thu+`a la` gi`? Theo Ha'n Vie^.t tu+` ddie^?n cu?a DDa`o Duy Anh nghi~a la` cu~ giao la.i, mo+'i tie^'p la^'y.Chi'nh vi` y' nghi~a a^'y ne^n ha`ng na(m va`o lu'c giao tie^'p giu+~a hai na(m cu~ mo+'i na`y , co' le^~ Tru+` Ti.ch.

LE^~ TRU+` TI.CH

Tru+` Ti.ch la` gio+` phu't cuo^'i cu`ng cu?a na(m cu~ qua na(m mo+'i, giu+~a gio+` Ho+.i nga`y 30 hoa(.c ne^'u tha'ng thie^'u, thi` nga`y 29 tha'ng cha.p na(m tru+o+'c va` gio+` Ty' nga`y mo^`ng mo^.t tha'ng gie^ng na(m sau.

Va`o lu'c na`y, da^n chu'ng Vie^.t Nam tua^n theo co^? le^. co' la`m le^~ tru+` ti.ch.

Y' nghi~a cu?a le^~ na`y la` ddem bo? ddi he^'t nhu+~ng ddie^`u xa^'u do+?, cu~ ky~ cu?a na(m sa('p qua dde^? ddo'n mu+`ng ca'i mo+'i me?, to^'t dde.p cu?a na(m mo+'i sa('p to+'i.

Le^~ tru+` ti.ch theo ngu+o+`i Ta`u, co`n la` mo^.t le^~ khu tru+` ma quy?. Tu.c Ta`u xu+a va`o nga`y tru+` ti.ch, tu+'c la` nga`y 30 Te^'t co' du`ng 120 tre? con tra.c 9, 10 tuo^?i, ma(.c a'o tha^m, ddo^.i mu~ ddo?, ca^`m tro^'ng, vu+`a ddi ddu+o+`ng vu+`a dda'nh dde^? "khu tu+` ma quy?", do ddo' co' tu+` "Tru+` Ti.ch"

Le^~ tru+` ti.ch cu+? ha`nh va`o lu'c giao thu+`a ne^n le^~ na`y co`n mang te^n la` Le^~ Giao Thu+`a.

CU'NG AI TRONG LE^~ GIAO THU+`A ?

Phan Ke^' Bi'nh trong Vie^.t Nam Phong Tu.c vie^'t: "Tu.c ta tin ra(`ng mo^~i na(m co' mo^.t o^ng ha`nh khie^?n coi vie^.c nha^n gian, he^'t na(m thi` tha^`n no. ba`n giao co^ng vie^.c cho tha^`n kia, cho ne^n cu'ng te^' dde^? tie^~n o^ng cu~ va` ddo'n o^ng mo+'i"

Cu'ng Te^' co^'t o+? ta^m tha`nh, va` le^~ cu'ng va`o giu+~a nu+?a dde^m ne^n ddu+o+.m ve? tha^`n bi' trang nghie^m. Cu+.u Vu+o+ng Ha`nh Khie^?n ba`n giao co6ng vie^.c cho Ta^n Vu+o+ng thay su+' Ngo.c Hoa`ng dde^? coi so'c nha^n gian trong mo^.t na(m cho dde^'n gio+` phu't giao thu+`a na(m sau.

Le^~ Tru+` Ti.ch bao ha`m mo^.t y' nghi~a tro.ng dda.i, To^'ng Cu+. Nghinh Ta^n, ne^n le^~ ddu+o+.c cu+? ha`nh ra^'t tri.nh tro.ng tu+` tu+ gia to+'i ca'c ddi`nh chu`a. Nhu+~ng na(m ve^` tru+o+'c trong gio+` phu't na`y, chuo^ng tro^'ng dda'nh vang, pha'o no^? luo^n kho^ng ngo+'t, truye^`n tu+` nha` na`y sang nha` kha'c, kha('p ke? cho+., nha` que^.

SU+?A LE^~ GIAO THU+`A

Ba`n tho+` giao thu+`a thie^'t la^.p o+? giu+~a tro+`i.

Mo^.t chie^'c hu+o+ng a'n ddu+o+.c ke^ ra, tre^n hu+o+ng a'n co' ddi?nh tra^`m hu+o+ng hoa(.c bi`nh hu+o+ng tha('p to?a kho'i nghi ngu't. Hai be^n ddi?nh tra^`m hu+o+ng co' hai ngo.n dde`n da^`u hoa(.c hai ngo.n ne^'n. Le^~ va^.t go^`m chie^'c thu? con lo+.n hoa(.c con ga`, ba'nh tru+ng, mu+'t ke.o, tra^`u cau, hoa qua?, ru+o+.u nu+o+'c va` va`ng ma~, ddo^i khi co' the^m co^? mu~ cu?a vi. DDa.i Vu+o+ng Ha`nh Khie^?n. Le^~ quy' ho^` tha`nh, ba^'t quy' ho^` dda, nhu+ng du` nhie^`u i't, le^~ va^.t bao gio+` cu~ng pha?i go^`m co' va`ng hu+o+ng, va`ng la' hay va`ng thoi tu`y tu.c ddi.a phu+o+ng, va` nha^'t la` kho^ng que^n ddu+o+.c ru+o+.u, vi` vo^ tu+?u ba^'t tha`nh le^~.

Le^~ va^.t ddu+o+.c tra^`n thie^'t tre^n hu+o+ng a'n tru+o+'c gio+` tru+` ti.ch.

LE^~ CU'NG THO^? CO^NG

Sau khi cu'ng giao thu+`a xong, ca'c gia chu? cu~ng kha^'n tho^? co^ng, tu+'c la` vi. tha^`n cai qua?n trong nha`, thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c go.i la` "DDe^. Nha^'t Gia Chi Chu?". Le^~ va^.t cu~ng tu+o+ng tu+. nhu+ le^~ va^.t cu'ng giao thu+`a nghi~a la` go^`m tra^`u ru+o+.u, nu+o+'c, dde`n nhang, va`ng ba.c, hoa qua? cu`ng ca'c thu+.c pha^?m: xo^i, ga`, ba'nh, mu+'t v.v ...

MA^'Y TU.C LE^. TRONG DDE^M TRU+` TI.CH

Ba('t dda^`u lu'c le^~ giao thu+`a la` na(m cu~ dda~ he^'t va` bu+o+'c sang na(m mo+'i. Ke^? tu+` gio+` phu't na`y la` gio+` phu't cu?a te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n.

Theo ngu+o+`i xu+a, trong dde^m giao thu+`a, sau khi la`m le^~ giao thu+`a xong, ta co' nhu+~ng tu.c rie^ng, ma` cho to+'i nga`y nay, tu+` tho^n que^ to+'i tha`nh thi.. va^~n co`n nhie^`u ngu+o+`i to^n tro.ng thu+.c hie^.n.

LE^~ CHU`A, DDI`NH DDE^`N

Le^~ giao thu+`a o+? nha` xong, ngu+o+`i ta ke'o nhau ddi le^~ ca'c ddi`nh, chu`a mie^'u, ddie^.n dde^? ca6`u phu'c ca^`u may, dde^? xin Pha^.t , Tha^`n phu` ho^. ddo^. tri` cho ba?n tha^n va` chi gia ddi`nh. Va` nha^n di.p, ngu+o+`i ta thu+o+`ng xin que? dda^`u na(m.

KE'N HU+O+'NG XUA^'T HA`NH

Khi ddi le^~n, ngu+o+`i ta ke'n gio+` va` ke'n hu+o+'ng xua^'t ha`nh, ddi ddu'ng hu+o+'ng, ddu'ng gio+` dde^? ga(.p may ma('n quanh na(m.

Nga`y nay o+? no^ng tho^n, ddi le^~ la` ngu+o+`i ta ddi, i't ngu+o+`i ke'n gio+` va` ke'n hu+o+'ng. Ca'c dde^`n chu`a, trong dde^m tru+` ti.ch luo^n luo^n co' thie^.n nam ti'n nu+~ to+'i le^~ ba'i, co' no+i ra^'t ddo^ng pha?I chen chu'c nhau.

HA'I LO^.C

DDi le^~ chu`a, ddi`nh, mie^'u, ddie^.n xong, lu'c tro+? ve^` ngu+o+`i ta co' tu.c ha'i mo^.t ca`nh ca^y mang ve^` ngu. y' la` lo^.c cu?a Tro+`i dda^'t Tha^`n Pha^.t ban cho, tru+o+'c cu+?a ddi`nh, cu+?a dde^`n thu+o+`ng co' nhu+~ng ca^y dda, ca^y dde^`, ca^y si co^? thu. ca`nh la' xu`m xo`a, kha'ch ddu le^~ mo^~i ngu+o+`i be? mo^.t nha'nh, go.i la` ca`nh lo^.c. Ca`nh lo^.c na`y mang ve^` nha` ngu+o+`i ta ca('m tru+o+'c ba`i tho+` cho to+'i khi ta`n kho^.

Vo+'i tin tu+o+?ng ha'i lo^.c trong dde^m giao thu+`a se~ mang la.i may ma('n quanh na(m, xu+a kia ngu+o+`i da^n Vie^.t trong buo^?i xua^'t ha`nh dda^`u tie^n bao gio+` cu~ng ha'i lo^.c. Ca`nh lo^.c tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho to^'t la`nh may ma('n. Tu.c ha'i lo^.c la` mo^.t tu.c to^'t dde.p. Nga`y nay co' nhie^`u ngu+o+`i khi ddi le^~ trong dde^m tru+` ti.ch, va'c ca? dao bu'a ddi dda(~n ca^y trong vo`ng ca'c dde^`n, ddi`nh, chu`a, mie^'u, tha^.t ra, ngu+o+`i ta dda~ bie^'n tu.c le^. to^'t dde.p tre^n tha`nh mo^.t tai ho.a cho ca'c no+i tho+` tu+. va^.y.

Ve^` tu.c "xua^'t ha`nh" cu~ng nhu+ tu.c "ha'i lo^.c" co' nhie^`u ngu+o+`i kho^ng ddi trong dde^m giao thu+`a, ma` ho. he'n nga`y to^'t, gio+` to^'t trong ma^'y nga`y dda^`u na(m va` ddi ddu'ng theo hu+o+'ng chi? da^~n trong ca'c cuo^'n li.ch dda^`u na(m dde^? co' the^? ddu+o+.c mo^.t na(m hoa`n toa`n may ma('n.

HU+O+NG LO^.C

Co' nhie^`u ngu+o+`i trong lu'c xua^'t ha`nh ddi le^~ thay vi` ha'i lo^.c ca'c ca`nh ca^y, la.i xin lo^.c ta.i ca'c ddi`nh, dde^`n, chu`a mie^'u, ba(`ng ca'ch ddo^'t mo^.t na('m hu+o+ng hoa(.c mo^.t ca^u hu+o+ng lo+'n, ddu+'ng kha^'n va'i tru+o+'c ba`n tho+`, ro^`i mang hu+o+ng ddo' ve^` nha` ca('m ta.i ba`n tho+` to^? tie^n hoa(.c ba`n tho+` tho^? co^ng ta.i nha`.

Ngo.n lu+?a tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho su+. pha't dda.t. La^'y lu+?a tu+` ca'c no+i tho+` phu.ng mang ve^`, tu+'c la` xin Pha^.t, Tha'nh phu` ho^. cho ddu+o+.c pha't dda.t, to^'t lo^.c quanh na(m.

Trong nhu+~ng lu'c mang hu+o+ng to+'i no+i tho+` tu+. tro+? ve^` nhiŠu khi ga(.p gio', na('m hu+o+ng bo^'c cha'y, ngu+o+`i ta tin ddo' la` mo^.t ddie^`m to^'t ba'o tru+o+'c su+. may ma('n quanh na(m.

Thu+o+`ng, nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i la`m a(n buo^n ba'n hay xin lo^.c ta.i ca'c no+i tho+` tu+..

XO^NG NHA`

Thu+o+`ng cu'ng o+? giao thu+`a xong, ngu+o+`i gia chu? mo+'i ddi le^~ dde^`n chu`a. Gia ddi`nh co' nhie^`u ngu+o+`i, thu+o+`ng ngu+o+`i ta ke'n mo^.t ngu+o+`i "de^~ vi'a" ra ddi tu+` lu'c chu+a ddu'ng gio+` tru+` ti.ch, ro^`i khi le^~ tru+` ti.ch to+'i thi` du+. le^~ ta.i ddi`nh chu`a hoa(.c tho^n xo'm, sau ddo' xin hu+o+ng lo^.c hoa(.c ha'i ca`nh ve^`.

Lu'c tro+? ve^` dda~ sang na(m mo+'i, ngu+o+`i na`y dda~ tu+. xo^ng nha` cho gia ddi`nh mi`nh, mang su+. to^"t dde.p quanh na(m ve^` cho gia ddi`nh theo quan ddie^?m cu?a o^ng ba` xu+a.

DDi xo^ng nha` nhu+ va^.y tra'nh ddu+o+.c su+. pha?i nho+` mo^.t ngu+o+`i to^'t vi'a kha'c dde^'n xo^ng nha` cho mi`nh.

Ne^'u kho^ng co' ngu+o+`i nha` de^~ vi'a dde^? xo^ng nha` la^'y, ngu+o+`i ta pha?i nho+` mo^.t ngu+o+`i kha'c trong tha^n ba(`ng co^' hu+~u to^"t vi'a dde^? so+'m nga`y mo^`ng mo^.t te^'t dde^'n xo^ng nha`, tru+o+'c khi co' kha'ch to+'i chu'c te^'t, dde^? ngu+o+`i na`y ddem su+. de^~ da~i may ma('n la.i.

TU.C LE^. VE^` TE^'T NGUYE^N DDA'N

O+? tre^n mo+'i no'i ve^` tru+` ti.ch va` ma^'y tu.c le^. trong dde^m giao thu+`a. Thu+.c ra vo+'i nga`y Te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n da^n ta co' nhu+~ng tu.c le^. tru+o+'c va` sau nga`y tru+` ti.ch.

Ngu+o+`i da^n Vie^.t Thua^`n tu'y ra^'t tha thie^'t vo+'i te^'t, nha^'t la` o+? no^ng tho^n. Quanh na(m va^'t va?, Te^'t mo+'i la` di.p nghi? ngo+i. Bao nhie^u lo nghi~, ngu+o+`i ta ga'c qua mo^.t be^n dde^? hu+o+?ng thu. Xua^n cho dda^`y ddu?. Ca?nh Xua^n muo^n ho^`ng nga`n ti'a, pha'o Xua^n re^`n no^? ra('c ho^`ng tre^n ngo~. Nha^'t la` o+? mie^`n Trung va` mie^`n Ba('c, tha^m mu+a Xua^n pho+i pho+'i, thu+? ho?i ai la` ngu+o+`i kho^ng xu'c ca?m tru+o+'c ca?nh Xua^n, tru+o+'c ma^`u Te^'t.

Ngu+o+`i ta ddo'n le^'t mo^.t ca'ch no^`ng na`n, ngu+o+`i ta ddo+.i te^'t mo^.t ca'ch tri.nh tro.ng, ngu+o+`i ta vui te^'t mo^.t ca'ch na'o nhie^.t ha^n hoan. Tu+` nga`n xu+a, nhu+~ng tu.c le^. ve^` te^'t la`m cho te^'t the^m y' nghi~a va` cu`ng mo^.t pha^`n na`o ta(ng nie^`m vui pha^'n kho+?i cho con ngu+o+`i lu'c Xua^n sang.

SU+?A SOA.N NGA`Y TE^'T Te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n ba('t dda^`u tu+` mo^`ng mo^.t tha'ng Gie^ng, nhu+ng thu+.c su+., ngu+o+`i ta su+?a soa.n te^"t ngay tu+` dda^`u tha'ng cha.p. Nha` nha` lo mua ga.o ne^'p, dda^.u xanh dde^? go'i ba'nh chu+ng. Ro^`i la.i lo va`i va.i du+a ha`nh, cu? kie^.u. Nha^n sa(~n, mua va`i con ga` tha? trong vu+o+`n dde^? ru? nhau ddu.ng ddo^. trong va`i nga`y te^'t.

Chu+a he^'t, ngu+o+`i ta co`n sa('m sa(~n va`ng hu+o+ng du`ng dde^? cu'ng o+? trong nha`, mua sa(~n nhu+~ng ba'nh mu+'t hoa qua?. pha^`n thi` dde^? nha` du`ng, pha^`n thi` dde^? bie^'u te^'t.

Ngu+o+`i ta cu`ng lo to+'i bo^. qua^`n a'o nga`y Te^'t. Nha^'t la` ddo^'i vo+'i ca'c co^ ga'i mo+'i lo+'n, nga`y Xua^n la` di.p ca'c co^ chu+ng die^.n dde^? da^n la`ng nhi`n va`o, co' ca^.u na`o vu+`a ma('t muo^'n "du+o+ng cung ba('n se?"

TRANG HOA`NG NHA` CU+?A

Te^'t la` ba('t dda^`u cho mo^.t na(m. Ngu+o+`i ta pha?i ddo'n Xua^n trong mo^.t khung ca?nh sa'ng su?a, sa.ch se? va` dde.p dde~. Do ddo', tru+o+'c nga`y Te^'t, nha` na`o cu~ng lau que't cu+?a nha`, trang hoa`ng trong nha` cho xu+'ng vo+'i na(m mo+'i.

Con cha'u lau chu`i la.i ca'c ddo^` tho+`. Ba`n tho+` ddu+o+.c ca('m the^m hoa. Ca'c y mo^n ddu+o+.c dde, gia(.t la.i hoa(.c thay the^'.

Tre^n tu+o+`ng, ngoa`i co^?ng nha` co`n ddu+o+.c da'n ca'c tranh te^'t, tranh dda`n ga` me. con, tranh ly' nhu+ vo.ng nguye^.t, tranh hu+'ng du+`a, tranh tha^`y ddo^` co'c , dda'm cu+o+'i chuo^.t, tranh tie^'n ta`i, tie^'n lo^.c, tranh ga` ga'y sa'ng v.v ...

Nha` na`o cu~ng co' i't nha^'t la` 1, 2 cha^.u hoa cu'c va`ng, kho^ng thi` mai tu+' quy' hoa(.c dda`o tu+o+i.

Tu+` trong nha` dde^'n ngoa`i cu+?a, cho^? na`o tro^ng cu~ng nhu+ mo+'i, tha^.t a(n kho+'p vo+'i ca?nh tu+ng bu+`ng cu?a mu`a Xua^n vo+'i mu+a phu`n la^'m ta^'m vo+'i lo+`i chu'c tu.ng nhau to^"t dde.p trong nga`y te^'t.

GU+?I TE^'T

Ha`ng na(m, ga^`n nga`y te^'t dde^'n, nghi~ to+'i to^? tie^n, con cha'u, nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i o+? rie^ng hoa(.c ca'c nga`nh thu+', dde^`u pha?i go+?i te^'t to+'i nha` tru+o+?ng, tu+'c la` ngu+o+`i co' tra'ch nhie^.m giu+~ gio^? Te^'t ca'c ba^.c da~ qua ddo+`i. Gu+?i te^'t tu+'c la` dde, ddo^` le^~ dde^'n nha` gia tru+o+?ng dde^? ngu+o+`i gia tru+o+?ng cu'ng to^? tie^n trong di.p te^'t.

BIE^'U TE^'T

Cu`ng vo+'i vie^.c go+?i te^'t to+'i nha` tru+o+?ng, ngu+o+`i ta cu~ng nghi~ to+'i vie^.c bie^'u te^'t. DDa^y la` di.p ngu+o+`i ta tra? o+i nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i dda~ co' co^ng vo+'i mi`nh nhu+: Ho.c tro` bie^'u te^'t tha^`y co^. Con be^.nh bie^'u te^'t o^ng Lang. Ba.n be` bie^'u te^'t la^~n nhau. Ke? du+o+'i bie^'u be^` tre^n v.v ...

BU+~A TIE^.C TA^'T NIE^N

Ca'c ba.n ha`ng buo^n ba'n vo+'i nhau tha`nh phu+o+`ng, nhu+~ng co^ng chu+'c cu`ng la`m ta.i mo^.t dinh, mo^.t so+?, nha^n nga`y te^'t dde^'n dde^`u co' bu+?a tie^.c ta^'t nie^n dde^? cu`ng nhau ho.p ma(.t tru+o+'c khi chia tay ve^` a(n te^'t.

Ca'c ba.n ha`ng trong buo^?i ta^'t nie^n na`y co' su+?a le^~ cu'ng tha`nh su+ ro^`i cu`ng nhau a(n uo^'ng.

Ca'c co^ng chu+'c no+i co^ng so+? la^'y bu+~a tie^.c ta^'t nie^n dde^? cu`ng vui va` nha^n ddo' chu'c Te^'t nhau tru+o+'c ro^`i ai na^'y ve^` que^ a(n te^'t.

BUO^?I HO.C TA^'T NHIE^N

Ta.i ca'c lo+'p ho.c, co' buo^?i ho.c ta^'t nie^n. Nha^n buo^?i ho.c na`y, ho.c tro` chu'c Te^'t tha^`y co^, va` tha^`y go+?i chu'c te^'t to+'i bo^' me. ho.c sinh va` cu`ng nhau chu'c ca? ho.c sinh mo^.t ca'i te^'t vui ve?.

PHIE^N CHO+. TRE? CON VA` PHIE^N CHO+. TE^'T

DDa^y la` phie^n cho+. ho.p sau phie^n cho+. cuo^'i cu?a na(m, thu+o+`ng va`o nga`y 28 hoa(.c 29 tha'ng Cha.p. Go.i la` phie^n cho+. "Tre? Con", vi` da^n que^, trong phie^n cho+. na`y Bo^' Me. thu+o+`ng cho con tre? tie^`n dde^? ddi sa('m te^'t. Tu+'c la` ddi mua tranh, mua ddo^` cho+i te^'t.

Ca^`n pha^n bie^.t phie^n cho+. tre? vo+'i phie^n cho+. te^'t. Phie^n cho+. Te^'t la` phie^n cho+. cuo^'i cu`ng cu?a na(m. Tu`y theo tu+`ng cho+. ho.p tu+` nga`y 26 to+'i 30 tha'ng Cha.p.

Trong phie^n cho+. Te^'t, ngu+o+`i ba'n ha`ng muo^"n ba'n he^'t ha`ng, nha^'t la` trong nhu+~ng phie^n cho+. va`o ma^'y nga`y 29 hay 30 te^'t. Ca'c o^ng ddo^`, nha^n di.p phie^n cho+. te^'tcu~ng ddem ba'n chu+~. Ngu+o+`i ta nho+` ca'c o^ng vie^'t cho nhu+~ng ddo^i ca^u ddo^'i, nhu+~ng bu+'c dda.i tu+. v.v ...

THA(M MO^. GIA TIE^N

Va`o nhu+~ng nga`y te^'t, tuy vui Xua^n, nhu+ng ngu+o+`i da^n Vie^.t mi`nh cu~ng kho^ng que^n nguo^`n go^'c va` to^? tie^n mi`nh. Nha^'t la` va`o nhu+~ng nga`y ca^.n te^'t. da^n Vie^.t mi`nh thu+o+`ng hay co' tu.c ddi tha(m mo^. Gia Tie^n. Dde^? mo+`i gia tie^n ve^` hu+o+?ng te^'t. Bo+?i va^.y, o+? nhie^`u no+i, sau khi sa('m su+?a te^'t xong ngu+o+`i ta co' tu.c ddi vie^'ng mo^., dda('p la.i mo^., tha('p hu+o+ng kha^'n mo+`i hu+o+ng ho^`n cu?a nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i qua' co^' ve^` hu+o+?ng te^'t.

SU'C SA('C SU'C SE?

To^'i ho^m 30 te^'t, nga`y xu+a ta.i ca'c la`ng xa~, ca'c tre? em nghe`o, ho.p ma(.t tha`nh tu+`ng bo.n ru? nhau ddi chu'c te^'t, tuy chu+a ha(?n la` nga`y te^'t.

Ca'c em, mo^~i bo.n co' mo^.t chie^'c o^'ng trong ddu+.ng tie^`n, thu+o+`ng la` o^'ng tre. Ca'c em ddi to+'i tu+`ng gia ddi`nh, va` ca'c em cu`ng nhau ha't, vu+`a ha't vu+`a la('c o^'ng tie^`n:

"su'c sa('c su'c se?
Nha` na`o co`n dde`n co`n lu+?a
Mo+? cu+?a cho chu'ng to^i va`o:
Bu+o+'c le^n giu+o+`ng cao
Tha^'y ddo^i ro^`ng a^'p;
Bu+o+'c xuo^'ng giu+o+`ng tha^'p,
Tha^'y ddo^i ro^`ng cha^`u;
Bu+o+'c ra dda(`ng sau
Tha^'y nha` ngo'i lo+.p
Voi o^ng co`n buo^.c,
Ngu+.a o^ng co`n na(`m.
O^ng so^'ng mo^.t tra(m
Linh na(m tuo^?i le?
Vo+. o^ng sinh dde?:
Nhu+~ng con to^'t la`nh
Nhu+~ng con nhu+ tranh,
Nhu+~ng con nhu+ ro^'i.
To^i ngo^`i xo' to^'i.
To^i ddo^'i mo^.t ca^u.
DDo^'i ra(`ng:
Thi.t mo+~ du+a ha`nh ca^u ddo^'i ddo?:
Ne^u cao pha'o no^? ba'nh chu+ng xanh.

Ca'c em vu+`a su'c sa('c su'c se? vu+`a ha't, tronmg lu'c gia ddi`nh chu? nha` cha(m chu' nghe, va` sau ca^u ha't gia ddi`nh na`o cu~ng ta(.ng ca'c em chu't tie^`n, tie^`n ddo' ca'c em bo? luo^n va`o o^'ng. Tu.c cho ra(`ng, ca'c em dde^'n ddem su+. may ma('n la.i. Kho^ng gia ddi`nh na`o kho^ng ta(.ng tie^`n ca'c em mo^.t so^' tie^`n tru+o+'c khi ca'c em ro+`i sang nha` kha'c.

DDO`I NO+. CUO^'I NA(M

Ca'c chu? no+. co' tu.c le^. ddo`i no+. cuo^'i na(m thu+o+`ng thu'c con no+., co^' ddo`i cho ba(`ng ddu+o+.c so^' tie^`n da~ cho vay, du` ra(`ng ddo`i ddu+o+.c tie^`n ve^` dde^? dda^'y. Ngu+o+`i ta cho ra(`ng ne^'u kho^ng ddo`i ddu+o+.c tie^`n tru+o+'c giao thu+`a, nga`y ho^M sau, mo'n tie^`n no+. da~ ra no+. cu~, va` nga`y mo^`ng mo^.t va` nhu+~ng nga`y sai nu+~a, ngu+o+`i ta kho^ng da'm ddo`i no+., vi` con no+. kie^ng "so+. gio^ng" . DDo`i no+. va`o nga`y te^'t, kho^ng nhu+~ng con no+. kho^ng tra? no+. ma` co`n ma('ng la.i chu? no+. vi` kho^ng bie^'t kie^ng cho mi`nh.

CU'NG GIA TIE^N

Chie^`u 30 te^'t, mo.i vie^.c su+?a soa.n dda~ xong xuo^i, sau khi dda~ ddi vie^'ng mo^. gia tie^n ve^`, ngu+o+`i ta su+?a le^~ cu'ng gia tie^n, va` sau ddo' dde`n nhang, nha^'t la` nhang pha?i giu+~ tha('p suo^'t ma^'y nga`y Te^'t cho to+'i khi ho'a va`ng.

Trong ma^'y nga`y na`y, tre^n ba`n tho+` luo^n luo^n co' su+. hie^.n die^.n cu?a to^? tie^n. DDe^? giu+~ cho hu+o+ng kho?I bi. ta('t, tu+` chie^`u 30 Te^'t ngu+o+`i ta thu+o+`ng du`ng hu+o+ng vo`ng hoa(.c hu+o+ng sa`o. Hu+o+ng vo`ng la` mo^.t cuo^.n hu+o+ng tha('p ddu+o+.c tu+` suo^'t dde^m to+'i sa'ng, co`n hu+o+ng sa`o la` mo^.t ca^y hu+o+ng tha^.t to co' the^? tha('p ddu+o+.c suo^'t nga`y dde^m mo+'i he^'t.

Ta cu'ng gia tie^n lu'c chie^`u 30 te^'t, bo+?i va^.y lu'c cu'ng giao thu+`a, ta kho^ng cu;ng gia tie^n nu+~a.

Cu`ng vo+'i le^~ cu'ng gia tie^n, le~ ta^'t nhie^n pha?i co' cu'ng Tho^? Co^ng.

Cu'ng gia tie^n 30 te^'t, sa'ng nga`y mo^`ng mo^.t cu~ng la.i cu'ng. Va` trong ma^'y nga`y te^'t cho dde^'n khi ho'a va`ng, nga`y hai buo^?i co' le^~ cu'ng gia tie^n.

o0o

Ca'c ba.n ddo.c tha^n me^'n, Tre^n dda^y chi? la` mo^.t so^' phong tu.c Te^'t Nguye^n DDa'n ca(n ba?n ma` Trinh dda~ thu tha^.p va` su+u ta^`m ddu+o+.c. Le~ di~ nhie^n se~ co' mo^.t va`i thie^'u so't, hy vo.ng ca'c ba.n se? bo^? tu'c the^m du`m Trinh.

Nha^n di.p Xua^n ve^`, Tha'i Mo^.ng Trinh cu`ng ta^'t ca? ca'c anh chi. em trong Suo^'i Nguo^`n me^'n chu'c ca'c ba.n mo^.t na(m mo+'i an khang, thi.nh vu+o+.ng va` tha`nh co^ng trong mo.i la~nh vu+.c.

Na.n ddo? dden, dda(.c bie^.t la` trong nhu+~ng nga`y na(m he^'t Te^'t dde^'n, tu+` la^u ... dda~ tro+? ne^n "chuye^.n thu+o+`ng nga`y" cu?a xa~ ho^.i. Kho^ng bie^'t bao nhie^u ke? dda~ "cu+o+`i ra nu+o+'c ma('t" hay "kho'c ha^.n" sau mo^.t canh ba.c "cha'y tu'i" dde^? ro^`i ddi va`o con ddu+o+`ng cu`ng cu?a cuo^.c so^'ng, ga^y ne^n bao nhie^u ca?nh cu+o+'p gia^.t, dda^m che'm la^~n nhau cu~ng chi? vi` va`i ddo^`ng ba.c le?

Ngu+o+`i ta du`ng co+' "vui" dde^? gie^'t "la^`m" nhau, hay no'i mo^.t ca'ch kha'c, ddu'ng theo vo+'i ngo^n tu+` cu?a co+` ba.c: "Bo'c a'o tha'o ca`y cu?a nhau, ddu+o+.c thi` ky` la^n su+ tu+? ... co`n thua thi` cho' ghe? cho' xo^`m"

O+? ddo+`i thu+o+`ng co' ca^u no'i "dden ba.c, ddo? ti`nh"... nhu+ng ma^'y ai "ddo?" bao gio+` dda^u ? Chi? bie^'t la` sau khi bi. ve't sa.ch thi` nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i tro't da.i dda~ di'nh va`o, hay mang tie^'ng "Ba'c tha(`ng ba^`n" thi` bao gio+` cu~ng sa va`o ca?nh gia ddi`nh xa`o xa'o, ru+o+.u che` be be't ... dde^? ti`m que^n. Co+` ba.c da^~n dde^'n ddo^. "ba'n vo+., ddo+. con" ... hay tha^.m chi' co`n tu+. hu?y mi`nh.

Ba`i vie^'t du+o+'i dda^y nhu+ co' nha~ y' dde^? "ta(.ng" cho nhu+~ng ai dda~ va` ddang co' y' muo^'n thu+? tho+`i va^.n tre^n chie^'c chie^'u ba.c kia ... hie^?u ddu+o+.c the^m ve^` nhu+~ng gi` mi`nh ddang cho+` ddo'n du+o+'i nhu+~ng la' ba`i ... ddu+o+.c truye^`n la.i theo "kinh nghie^.m" cu?a nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i dda~ tu+`ng "xo^ng pha" trong kha('p ca'c "tra^.n ma.c" ...

xem nhu+ la` mo'n qua` dda^`u Xua^n dde^? ta(.ng la.i qu'i vi.Co+` Ba.c Bi.p Khi da^'n tha^n va`o con ddu+o+`ng co+` ba.c, ngu+o+`i ta thu+o+`ng ngu.y bie^n ra(`ng:

"Co+` ba.c canh ddo? canh dden,
Na`o ai co' da.i ... ddem tie^`n vu+'t ddi ? "

Kho^ng ha(?n la` nhu+ va^.y. Bo+?i vi` mo^.t khi ngo^`i xuo^'ng chie^'c chie^'u ba.c ... thi` ca'ch gi` cu~ng "thua" ro^`i ... Thua dda^y co' nghi~a la` thu tie^`n xa^u, tie^`n ho^`, tie^`n bi.p, v.v. ... "Thu+' nha^'t chu'a xo^?, thu+' nhi` ddo^? ho^`" ... Bo.n chu? so`ng cu~ng nhu+ ca'c con bi.p kha'c se~ lu+`a va` lo^.t ba.n cho to+'i khi kho^ng co`n mo^.t manh a'o trong tay.

Tie^'ng lo'ng trong gio+'i giang ho^` go.i dda'm co+` ba.c bi.p la` da^n "Ky` be~o gia?o" ... Ky` co' nghi~a la` "co+`", "ba.c" la` be~o, co`n "bi.p" la` gia?o. Trong co+` ba.c co' ra^'t nhie^`u bo^. mo^n nhu+: To^? to^m, ta`i ba`n, cha('n, ma(.t chu+o+.c, ba`i ca^?u, xi` phe', xo'c ddi~a, xa^.p xa'm, ba`i ca`o, nga^`u ha^`m, la('c ba^`u cua, v.v ... Nhu+ng to^i chi? xin dde^` ca^.p dde^'n "xi` phe' ", "so'c ddi~a", va` "xa^.p xa'm" la` ba mo'n a(n cho+i ddu+o+.c coi la` thi.nh ha`nh nha^'t va` cu~ng la` mo^.t trong nhu+~ng loa.i ba`i co' nhie^`u tay to^? bi.p bo+.m nha^'t.

I) Ca'c ngo'n ba`i cu?a Xi` Phe':
1) Ba`i "ddie^?m" - Sa`i Go`n tru+o+'c na(m 75, ngu+o+`i ta thu+o+`ng dda'nh ba`i KEM cu?a My~ la`m ba(`ng Nylon, lu+ng ba`i co' ram ra'p, co' ve~ hoa la', hay phong ca?nh hoa(.c nhu+~ng hi`nh hoa va(n. Bo.n bi.p du`ng mu+.c ddie^?m da^'u va`o hi`nh ve~ tre^n lu+ng ba`i, mo^.t ddie^?m ra^'t nho?, chi? ddu? ba(`ng mo^.t ca'i da^'u cha^'m ma` tho^i. Hai te^n bi.p thie^.n nghe^` ngo^`i trong so`ng ba`i dda'nh trong vo`ng 20 phu't ... co^~ ba`i ma` ba.n vu+`a mo+'i bo'c ra se~ bi. chu'ng no' ddie^?m he^'t. Dda'nh xi` ... co^'t co' con ta^?y .. Mo^.t khi chu'ng dda~ na('m ddu+o+.c ba`i cu?a ba.n, thi` co' co`n kha'c chi nhu+ da^ng tie^`n le^n ddi~a dde^? "mo+`i o^ng xo+i" ... !

Ngo'n ba`i "ddie^?m" du nha^.p va`o Vie^.t Nam trong giu+~a tha^.p nie^n 60 khi Sa`i Go`n ddang tri`nh chie^'u mo^.t phim ke^? ve^` cuo^.c ddo+`i cu?a mo^.t tay co+` ba.c bi.p loa.i quo^'c te^'. Te^n na`y dda~ ti`m ca'ch dde^? lo.t ddu+o+.c va`o trong mo^.t xu+o+?ng chuye^n sa?n xua^'t ba`i Poker. Ta^'t ca? nhu+~ng "cliche' "ma` sau ddo' se~ in hi`nh le^n lu+ng qua^n ba`i dde^`u bi. ha('n "ddie^?m" he^'t ... tu+` Ta^y, Xi`, Dda^`m ... cho to+'i ca? con "2" ... Chi? so^' cu?a mo^~i "se^ - ri" ba`i le^n dde^'n ca? trie^.u va` ddu+o+.c ba'n ddi kha('p mo.i no+i tre^n the^' gio+'i ... The^' la` ddi to+'i dda^u ha('n cu~ng cho+i loa.i ba`i a^'y ... ha('n thu+o+`ng "ve't chie^'u" mo^.t ca'ch "vinh quang".

Sau na(m 75 thi` ba`i KEM kho^ng co`n xua^'t hie^.n tre^n thi. tru+o+`ng nu+~a ... hay co' cu~ng ra^'t i't ... Dda.i dda so^' da^n chu'ng ve^` sau thu+o+`ng cho+i ba(`ng ba`i Nha^.t ... cu~ng la`m ba(`ng Nylon, nhu+ng lu+ng ba`i nha(~n thi'n va` bo'ng lo^.nvo+'i nhu+~ng hi`nh hoa va(n he^'t su+'c ddo+n so+ ... Mo^.t khi ba`i dda~ nha(~n va` tro+n thi` kho^ng co' ca'ch na`o dde^? "ddie^?m" ddu+o+.c cho ne^n bo.n bi.p ba`i "ddie^?m"dda~ ha^`u nhu+ bi. "vo^ hie^.u hoa' ".

2) Ddo`n "Kampuchia" - Ddo`n na`y ddu+o+.c thoa't ra tu+`ddo`n ma^~u tu+? cu?a Vu~ Tro.ng Phu.ng nha('c to+'i trong cuo^'n "Ca.m ba^~y ngu+o+`i" ca'ch dda^y ga^`n nu+?a the^' ky?. Ta^'t nhie^n no' ddu+o+.c a'p du.ng mo^.t ca'ch tinh vi ho+n ke`m theo mo^.t lo^'i ti'nh xa'c sua^'t. Bo.n lu+`a bi.p du`ng lu+o+~i lam go.t hai be^` do.c cu?a ca^y ba`i, mo^~i be^` chi? bo+'t ddi chu+`ng khoa?ng ba(`ng so+.i to'c ... pha?i tinh ma(t la('m mo+'i nha^.n ra ddu+o+.c. Xi` phe' dda'nh 28 ca^y ... chu'ng chi? go.t vo?n ve.n co' 6 ca^y ... 2 dda^`m, 2 Xi`, 2 Xa^.p ...Trong lu'c xa`o ba`i, chu'ng chi? ca^`n vuo^'t hai ba ca'i la` ca? 6 ca^y ba`i go.t kia dde^`u bi. nho^'t he^'t le^n tre^n no'c. Chu? ye^'u cu?a ddo`n "Kampuchia" la` dda'nh ddo^i chu+' kho^ng dda'nh suo^'t. Vi` ti'nh theo xa'c sua^'t: 2 Xi`, 2 Dda^`m, 2 xa^.p na(`m o+? tre^n no'c ... ra^'t hie^'m co' khi ve^` ddu+o+.c suo^'t ... Cho ne^n khi co' ddu+o+.c ddo^i "ta^y", ddo^i "bo^`i" hay ddo^i "ca^?u" ... coi nhu+ la` dda~ "nha^'t tho^'ng so+n ha`"

Xu+a kia, ngu+o+`i ta go.i no' la` "ddo`n ma^~u tu+?" vi` nhu+~ng ca^y ba`i bi. go.t ... be' ho+n mo^.t chu't xi'u ... coi nhu+ la` ba`i con ... co`n nhu+~ng ba`i co`n nguye^n, kho^ng go.t thi` coi nhu+ la` ba`i "me." 3) Ba`i "Go'c" - Thay vi` go.t theo be^` do.c thi` chu'ng se~ go.t theo nhu+~ng go'c ca.nh cu?a ca^y ba`i ... ca'ch na`y ra^'t de^~ bi. lo^. ... Vi` khi xo'c ba`i, ca'c tay cho+i sa`nh so?i se~ nha^.n ra ngay khi ho. vo^~ ba`i xuo^'ng ma(.t ba`n va` dde^? y' tha^'y co' co^~ ba`i "so-le" ba`i bie^'t lie^`n

Nhu+ng bo.n bi.p co' ca? tra(m mu+u nga`n ke^' ... Chu'ng kho^ng go.t sa(~n o+? nha` ma` se~"go.t" ngay tru+o+'c ma(.t ba.n ba(`ng ca'ch na`o? Chu'ng se~ dde^? mo'ng tay da`i o+? ngo'n tro? be^n ba`n tay pha?i, va` ngo'n a^'y se~ ddu+o+.c "giu~a ddi du~a la.i" cho tha^.t sa('c. Chu'ng vu+`a cho+i ba`i, vu+`a du`ng ca'i "giu~a" a^'y dde^? ma`i go'c, dda'nh da^'u cho nhu+~ng ca^y Xi`, Ta^y ... Ta^'t nhie^n chu'ng cu~ng pha?i ma`i xe'o go'c va` chi? trong ddo^. khoa?ng 15 phu't dda^`u la` chu'ng co' the^? dda'nh da^'u ddu+o+.c he^'t ca'c ca^y ba`i ... nhu+ng co' ddie^`u la` ta chu+a nhi`n ddu+o+.c ra da^'u, vi` no' co`n nha(~n ... nhi`n ra^'t kho'. Sau khoa?ng nu+?a tie^'ng ddo^`ng ho^` khi co^~ ba`i bi. xa`o to+'i, xa`o lui. ddu+a qua, ddu+a la.i ... dde^'n khi ca'c bu.i ba^.m va` ta`n thuo^'c di'nh vo^ ca'c cho^~ bi. ma`i ... Lu'c a^'y, ca'c da^'u ve^'t mo+'i hie^.n ra, va` chi? co' chu'ng mo+'i nha^.n ra ddu+o+.c dde^? "ti`m ddu+o+`ng dzo.t"

4) Ddo`n "Con Lu.c" - Co`n go.i no^m na la` dda'nh 6 ca^y ... chu'ng da^'u ca^y cuo^'i cu`ng trong o^'ng tay a'o, du+o+'i ga^'u qua^`n, dda(`ng sau con ba`i "ma" la` ba`i du`ng dde^? na(.n ... hay thua^.n tie^.n nha^'t la` o+? trong ca'i ro^?ddu+.ng tie^`n xa^u. Khi ca^`n ra ddo`n, chu'ng se~ pho'ng ca^y ddo' ra ro^`i ti`m ca'ch thu? tie^u mo^.t ca^y thu+`a ddi ... cho no' nha^`m la^~n va`o dda'm ba`i di`a hay ca^'t no' vo^ cho^~ gia^'u cu~ ... Ke? su+? du.ng ddo`n na`y pha?i le. tay nhu+ tro` a?o thua^.t ... vi` ne^'u ca^y ba`i kia bi. "pha't hie^.n" thi` chi? co`n nu+o+'c "Mu~i a(n xi` da^`u, dda^`u a(n lu.c ta`u xa' ..."

5) Nhu+~ng ma'nh lo+'i kha'c - Bo.n bi.p bao gio+` cu~ng ti`m ca'ch ba'o ta^?y cho nhau ba(`ng ca'c ti'n hie^.u. I't ra cu~ng co' ha`ng chu.c ca'ch ba'o ta^?y ... chi? xin ne^u le^n mo^.t va`i vi' du. ddie^?n hi`nh nhu+:

Ngo'n tay ca'i = Xi`
Ngo'n tay tro? = Ta^y
Ngon tay giu+~a = Dda^`m ...

Hoa(.c so^' 1 = Xi`, so^' 2 = Ta^y ... chu'ng cu~ng co' the^? du`ng nhu+~ng ca^y ba`i ma dde^? dda'nh mo'c cho nhau.

Co' nhu+~ng ca'ch dda'nh mo'c ba(`ng cu+? chi?, ddie^.u bo^. ra^'t tu+. nhie^n,dde^? tra'nh nhu+~ng su+. nghi ngo+` kha'c cua "con ba.c" ... nhu+ vu+o+n vai, hie^.u le^.nh ta^'n co^ng, nga'p da`i, bo? ddi, dda'nh va'n kha'c ... hay cho^'ng tay le^n ma' "ta^?y Dda^`m", hay ga~i ca(`m (ta^?y Ta^y)

Da^n bi.p cu~ng thu+o+`ng hay du`ng mo^.t thu? ddoa.n he^'t su+'c nho? nha(.t, nhu+ng la.i vo^ cu`ng co^ng hie^.u dde^? trie^.t ha. ddo^'i thu? trong nha'y ma('t nhu+: Ne^'u y la` ngu+o+`i ru't sau cho't, trong luc ba`i ru't ra, y se~ ti`m ca'ch la`m cho ca^y ba`i ke^' tie^'p tho`i ra kho?i mo^`m co'c mo^.t chu't xi'u, ro^`i du`ng ngo'n tay ca'i khe~ ha^'t go'c cu?a ca^y ba`i ddo' le^n ... nhu+ va^.y la` y dda~ bie^'t ddi'ch xa'c cu?a ca^y ba`i ke^' tie^'p se~ la` ca^y gi`? Trong tru+o+`ng ho+.p a^'y, ne^'u y la.i la` ngu+o+`i ddu+o+.c ru't tru+o+'c, va` ca^y ba`i ddo' se~ quye^'t ddi.nh cho ca? va'n ba`i thi` ba.n se~ chi? co' nu+o+'c ... he^'t tie^`n vo+'i y ... !

Ngo^`i trong so`ng Xi` Phe', ba.n ddu+`ng co' ne^n coi thu+o+`ng con ni't ... da^n bi.p thu+o+`ng hay mang theo 1 ddu+'a nho? 6 - 7 tuo^?i, ta^`m cao cu~ng vu+`a va(.n ba(`ng ca'i me'p ba`n ... ma('t no' co' the^? nhi`n tha^'y ca^y ba`i du+o+'i ddi't co'c, va` dda'nh "mo'c" cho Bo^' bie^'t.

La.i co`n tru+o+`ng ho+.p da^n ba`i mua ba`i ve^` nha`, la`m da^'u xong thi ddem go+?i o+? ca'c tie^.m ba'n. So`ng na`o mua ba`i a^'y ... chu'ng se~ to+'i ddo' lo^.t sa.ch ca'c con ba.cII) Ca'c ngo'n bi.p cu?a "Xo'c Di~a":

Xo'c di~a la` mo^.t mo'n "dda(.c sa?n" cu?a nu+o+'c ta ... cho ne^n ca'ch "xo'c di~a" cu~ng nhu+ ca'ch cho+i cu?a no' ra^'t "dda(.c bie^.t" o+? Vietnam. De^~ cho+i, cha? ca^`n pha?i ti'nh toa'n lo^i tho^i ... chi? co' hai be^n "cha(~n" va` "le?". Be^n "cha(~n" thi` co' ngu+?a tu+, sa^'p bo^'n, sa^'p hai ... va` be^n "le?" thi` co' sa^'p ba, sa^'p mo^.t

Phong ca'ch la.i he^'t su+'c bi`nh da^n, dda.i chu'ng. Chi? ca^`n co' 1 ca'i ba't, mo^.t ca'i di~a, va` 4 ddo^`ng tie^`n ... Nga`y xu+a da^n ta thu+o+`ng hay xo'c ba(`ng 04 ddo^`ng trinh Kha?i Ddi.nh, ma(.t co' chu+~ ddu+o+.c bo^i vo^i tra('ng xo'a ... co`n ma(.t kho^ng co' chu+~ thi` du`ng hu+o+ng dden ddo^'t le^n, ddo.an xo^ng kho'i cho dden ki.t ... Ro^`i va`i ba ca'i chie^'i ddu+o+.c tra?i ra, ca'c con ba.c ngo^`i do.c hai be^n, ga~ xo'c ngo^`i giu+~a, co' 2 te^n ho^` li` phu. ta'

So`ng "xo'c di~a" tho^ng thu+o+`ng it' nha^'t pha?i co' mu+o+i ... mu+o+`i hai ngu+o+`i, va` nhie^`u co' khi le^n dde^'n ca? tra(m ...Nhu+~ng so`ng na`y pha^n chia ra la`m 2 loa.i:

So`ng "nga^`n tha^`u" nghi~a la` con ba.c muo^'n dda(.t bao nhie^u cu~ng ddu+o+.c, nha` ca'i cu~ng pha?i dda(.t ... co`n so`ng "thu+a` thie^'u" tu+'c la` nha` ca'i co' quye^`n ba'n ca'i, kho^ng dda('t tie^'ng ba.c a^'y, hoa(.c bo+'t ddi ... Le^. phi' cu?a "xo'c di~a" tie^`n xa^u la` 10%, na(.ng ga^'p ddo^i "xi` phe' ". Cu~ng gio^'ng nhu+ xi` phe', xo'c di~a co' ra^'t nhie^`u ddo`n nhu+:

1) Ddo`n "Nam Cha^m" - Ddo`n na`y ra ddo+`i tu+` sau khi tro` cho+i na`y ddu+o+.c xo'c ba(`ng tie^`n gia^'y. Da^n "bi.p" nhe't sa('t vu.n va`o be^n trong cu?a nhu+~ng ddo^`ng tie^`n a^'y, va` o+? trong pha.m vi tru+o+'c ma(.t te^n ngo^`i xo'c ca'i. Ho. cho^n mo^.t cu.c dda' nam cha^m o+? phi'a du+o+'i. Khi muo^'n ra ddo`n, ho. chi? vie^.c dde^? ca'i di~a le^n cho^~ co' cho^n dda' nam cha^m, the^' la` nhu+~ng ddo^`ng tie^`n kia bi. su+'c hu't se~ ddu+o+.c la^.t xuo^'ng theo nhu+ y' ho. muo^'n. Khi na`o "ta? bo^? xie^.ng (tie^'ng lo'ng la` dda'nh ngay tha^.t, tra'i la.i vo+'i "ta? bo^? gia?o" tu+'c la` dda'nh gian la^.n) ... ho. la.i dde^? ca'i di~a ca'ch xa cho^~ cho^n "ddo^` nghe^`".

2) Ddo`n "Tie^`n Ca'nh" - Xo'c di~a co' 4 ddo^`ng tie^`n ma(.t sa^'p, ma(.t ngu+?a ... Ho. du`ng 2 ddo^`ng tie^`n chi? co' ma(.t sa^'p, va` 2 ddo^`ng tie^`n chi? co' ma(.t ngu+?a ...Nhu+ va^.y du` co' xo'c to+'i lui ddi nu+~a thi` khi mo+? ra cu~ng se~ ma~i la` 2 ddo^`ng sa^'p, 2 ddo^`ng ngu+?a ... Ta^'t nhie^n se~ co' nhu+~ng ke? bi. "kha't nu+o+'c" (bo.c re^`n la` mo^.t ma(.t cha(~n, ma` cu+' dda'nh le? la` "kha't nu+o+'c" ... dda^y la` mo^.t ngo^n ngu+~ cu?a xo'c di~a) ... hay co' nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i tha('c ma('c ta.i sao co+` ba.c gi` ma` dda'nh 7-8 va'n cu+' 2 sa^'p, 2 mo+? ma~i ... va` khi ddi.nh mon men "so+` va`o" ddo^`ng tie^`n thu+? coi sao ... thi` bi. mo^.t te^n bi.p dda`n em ngo^`i ngoa`i (quanh ca'i) chu.p tay la.i kho^ng cho hay cha(.n la.i :

   - Bi.p: "Ma`y la` ca'i tha' gi` ma` da'm so+` va`o di~a ... bo^. ti'nh vo^ dda^y pha' so`ng hay sao?"
   - Dda'p: Tui "kha't nu+o+'c" ... muo^'n so+` thu+? vo^ coi sao ma` la.i sa^'p ngu+?a hoa`i?
   - Bi.p: Ma`y "kha't nu+o+'c" thi` ke^. cha ma`y chu+' ... sao kho^ng quay sang dda'nh o+? ma(.t cha(~n thu+? coi sao?

Thie^.t ra thi` ngu+o+`i dda'nh ba.c "nga^y tho+" kia du` co' dda(.t cha(~n ddi cha(ng nu+~a .. cu~ng kho^ng ddu+o+.c ... hoa(.c gia? no' chi? cho dda'nh ra^'t it' ... Ro^`i lu+.a tho+`i co+ lo^.n xo^.n khi sa('p bi. lo^. ta^?y, chu'ng se~ ti`m ca'ch dda'nh tra'o 4 ddo^`ng tie^`n kha'c va`o ... va` cho+` khi e^m xuo^i se~ ddem su+? du.ng tro+? la.i

3) Ddo`n "Bo? Lu+?ng" - Chu? ye^'u cu?a ddo`n na`y la` la`m cho 4 ddo^`ng tie^`n kho^ng da^.y ddu+o+.c. Tuy xo'c le^n, mo.i ngu+o+`i va^~n nghe tha^'y tie^'ng lo.c xo.c ... nhu+ng trong thu+.c te^', 4 ddo^`ng tie^`n va^~n na(`m ye^n mo^.t ma(.t . Ho. du`ng mo^.t ca'i ba't, trong lo`ng ba't co' ga('n mo^.t mie^'ng ki'nh trong suo^'t ca'ch mie^.ng ba't chu+`ng 5 pha^n, nhu+ va^.y se~ co' ta'c du.ng khie^'n cho 4 ddo^`ng tie^`n kia kho^ng da^.y ddu+o+.c. Nhu+ng khi ba'n ca'i, hoa(.c "le? thu+`a" hay "cha(~n thu+`a" thi` co' ngu+o+`i trong bo.n ho. mo+'i ddu+o+.c so+` vo^ ba't ... va` lu'c mo+? ra kho^ng bao gio+` ho. da.i do^.t la^.t ngu+?a ca'i ba't le^n. Trong lu'c lo^.n xo^.n ... thi` te^n ca^`m ba't se~ "ta^?u thoa't" ca'i ba't kia ddi ... dde^? dda`n em thay vo^ mo^.t ca'i ba't kha'c cho thie^n ha. xem

4) Ddo`n "Bo'ng" - co' nghi~a la` ho. du`ng mo^.t ca'i bat ddu+o+.c la`m theo ddu'ng "kie^?u ma^~u" ... Ba't ma`u tra('ng hay ma`u xanh lo+.t ... nhu+ng ngu+o+`i tho+. khi la`m dda~ khe'o du`ng mo^.t cha^'t ho'a ho.c khie^'n cho ca'i ba't ... khi ddem dda(.t tru+o+'c a'nh dde`n hay a'nh sa'ng ... se~ lo^. ra mo^.t khoa?ng trong suo^'t to ba(`ng ddo^'t ngo'n tay ... ngu+o+`i cho+i co' the^? nhi`n tha^'y ro~ 4 ddo^`ng tie^`n be^n trong lo`ng ba't dde^? bie^'t tie^'ng ba.c dda~ ddo^? ma(.t cha(~n hay ma(.t le?

Da^n "bi.p" co' thu+`a tho^ng minh dde^? nga(n ca?n ba^'t cu+' mo^.t ddo^i ma('t na`o kho^ng pha?i la` ngu+o+`i cu?a ho. nhi`n va`o hu+o+'ng ddo' ... !

5) Ddo`n "Nghe^'nh" - Ddo`n na`y su+? du.ng mo^.t ca'i ba't mie^.ng cu?a no' co' mo^.t phi'a ho+i lo~m vo^ mo^.t chu't. Khi u'p xuo^'ng di~a se~ co' 1 khe ho+?, mo^.t ddu+'a con ni't ddu+o+.c hua^'n luye^.n ky~ se~ na(`m sa't xuo^'ng ma(.t dda^'t dde^? nhi`n tha^'y be^n trong la` cha(~n hay le? ro^`i ba'o cho da^n "bi.p" bie^'t ... Ddo`n na`y hay de^~ bi. lo^. & i't khi tha^'y su+? du.ngIII) Ca'c mo'n bi.p cu?a Xa^.p Xa'm:

   Con o+i nho+' la^'y ca^u na`y ...
   Cu+o+'p dde^m: "xa^.p xa'm" ... cu+o+'p nga`y: "ba^`u cua" ...

Co' the^? no'i "Binh Xa^.p Xa'm" la` mo^.t trong nhu+~ng mo'n ba`i ddu+o+.c u+a chuo^.ng nha^'t trong gio+'i tre? cu~ng nhu+ ca'c ba^.c trung nie^n o+? Vie^.t nam chu'ng ta. Cho+i xa^.p xa'm thu+o+`ng thi` ti'nh theo "chi" ... va` ba`i ngu+o+`i na`o cao nu+o+'c ho+n he^'t thi` ng+o+`i ddo' coi la` tha('ng tro.n

1) Ddo`n "Ddi Dde^m" - Muo^'n su+? du.ng ddo`n na`y, ngu+o+`i ta pha?i ngo^`i ba`n tro`n va` cha^n ba`n pha?i ho+i cao ho+n mo^.t chu't. Ta^'t nhie^n la` da^n "bi.p" bao gio+` cu~ng ddi ca(.p ... Lu'c ddo^? xi' nga^`u dde^? cho.n cho^~, ne^'u nhu+ 2 ddu+'a ngo^`i ca.nh nhau thi` ca`ng to^'t; ba(`ng kho^ng, ngo^`i che'o go'c cu~ng cha(?ng co' sao. Ho. se~ tu`y co+ ma` u+'ng bie^'n. Ddie^`u co^'t tu+? cu?a ddo`n "ddi dde^m" la` pha?i xoe` ba`i thie^.t nhanh. Trong 13 ca^y, ho. chi? ca^`n lie^'c qua la` dda~ bie^'t ngay ca^y gi` ca^`n thie^'t, ca^y gi` kho^ng ... va` co' ddu+o+.c no' se~ chuye^?n tu+` ba.i tha`nh tha('ng ... a(n toa`n la`ng. Vi' du. nhu+ ba`i cu?a te^n A co' Xi`, Ta^y, Bo^`i, va` Xa^.p (mu+o+`i) co+ ... ne^'u ca^`n the^m ca^y Dda^`m co+ thi` se~ tro+? tha`nh "thu`ng pha' sa?nh" ... cho ne^n te^n A se~dda'nh "moo'c" hay lie^'c ma('t ... cho ddo^`ng bo.n va` te^n na`y se~ ti`m ca'ch chuo^`n ngay cho te^n B ba`i ne^'u nhu+ te^n B co' ca^y ddo' ... tru+o+`ng ho+.y te^n B kho^ng co' ... se~ ti`m ca'ch chuo^`n cho te^n A mo^.t ca^y co+ na`o kha'c dde^? co' "ddo^`ng hoa" (hay ddo^`ng cha^'t) ... Nhu+ng la`m the^' na`o dde^? ho. chuo^`n ddu+o+.c cho nhau ma` kho^ng bi. pha't gia'c ?

Ne^'u nhu+ ngo^`i che'o go'c, ho. se~ ke.p c^y ba`i va`o 2 ngo'n cha^n ro^`i luo^`n qua ga^`m ba`n ddu+a sang, te^n kia dda~ ddu+o+.c "ba'o tru+o+'c" ... vo^.i va`ng ddo'n la^'y va` tra? la.i ca^y kha'c (ca^`n thie^'t). Ho. se~ ngo^`i vo+'i ca'c tu+ the^' ra^'t khe'o dde^? che ki'n ca'c thao ta'c ... vi' du. nhu+ 2 khuy?u tay cho^'ng le^n tre^n ba`n nhu+ co' ve? ddang na(.n tu+`ng con ba`i mo^.t ... hay la`m bo^. nhu+ ddang suy nghi~, v.v ... Tru+o+`ng ho+.p 2 te^n ngo^`i ga^`n nhau thi` vie^.c ddi dde^m la.i ca`ng thua^.n lo+.i ho+n.

2) Ddo`n "Chia Truye^`n" va` ddo^? ho^.t co' thu?y nga^n - Xa^.p Xa'm theo lo^'i dda'nh mo+'i sau na`y thi` mo^~i ca^y Xi` ti'nh la` mo^.t chi ... cho ne^n khi le^n ba`i cu+' co' 3 Xi` la` a(n cha('c ... va` ne^'u co' 4 Xi` thi` chi? a(n he^'t tie^`n thie^n ha. ma` tho^i ...

Tru+o+'c khi ddo^? xi' nga^`u, vi` ho^.t co' thu?y nga^n ne^n te^n "bi.p" dda~ bie^'t y va` ddo^`ng bo.n se~la^'y ba`i na`o ... ne^n y gia? vo+` ddo^? ma.nh co^~ ba`i xuo^'ng ba`n, va` la^'y tay "xoe.t" mo^.t ca'i dde^? cho toa`n bo^. co^~ ba`i to?a ra ... sau ddo' mo+'i ba('t dda^`u chia. Ddo' la` mo^.t cu+? chi? he^'t su+'c tu+. nhie^n ... nhu+ng cho rie^ng y thi` co' the^? ddo lu+o+`ng dde^? bie^'t ddu+o+.c nhu+~ng ca^y ba`i na`o mi`nh ca^`n, va` se~ na(`m o+? khoa?ng na`o?

Chia truye^`n ddo`i ho?i su+. vo^ cu`ng khe'o le'o cu?a nhu+~ng ngo'n tay, ddo^`ng tho+`i ma('t cu~ng pha?i "tinh thu+o+`ng" dde^? nhi`n da^'u cu?a nhu+~ng ca^y ba`i, dde^? "ga^?y" nhu+~ng ca^y ba`i ddo' ve^` pha^`n mi`nh hay ddo^`ng bo.n

Ho^.t co' chu+'a thu?y nga^n be^n trong ra^'t de^~ bi. lo^. ... vi` va^.y da^n "bi.p" thu+o+`ng chi? xa`i ddu+o+.c va`i ba va'n ro^`i la.i thu ve^` ngay. Lu'c ddo^?i, chu'ng se~ gia? bo^. ro+'t 1 hay 2 ho^.t xuo^'ng dda^'t ro^`i khi cu'i xuo^'ng nha.t, chu'ng co' ddu? tho+`i gian dde^? tra'o ra bo^. mo+'i va` thu bo^. cu~ co' thu?y nga^n ve^`.

Xa^.p xa'm co' 52 ca^y, va^.y ma` mo^.t tay "bi.p" ha.ng na(.ng co' the^? "lo+'p" ba`i ddu+o+.c dde^? cho ba`i cu?a mi`nh "ma^.u binh" hay "thu`ng pha' sa?nh" ... hay ddo^i khi "con ro^`ng". (Dda'nh trong xa^.p xa'm, "con ro^`ng" la` lo+'n nha^'t ... vi` i't khi co' ddu+o+.c 13 ca^y, kho^ng ca^y na`o gio^'ng ca^y na`o ti'nh tu+` ca^y Xi` dde^'n ca^y 2)

"Lo+'p" ba`i (xe^'p ba`i) kie^?u xa^.p xa'm cu~ng gio^'ng y nhu+ Xi` Phe'. No' cu~ng ca^`n pha?i co' su+. ye^?m tro+. cu?a mo^.t ddo^`ng bo.n ... xa`o ba`i ho^. sau khi mi`nh dda~ "lo+'p" dda^u va`o dda^'y ro^`i ... xa`o ba`i la` chi? dde^? cho ngu+o+`i kha'c "kho?i nghi" ma` tho^i. Ta^'t nhie^n khi xa`o ba`i, ho. se~ xa`o che'o go'c, va` cu+' the^' mie^'t ... ma` "lo+'p" ba`i se~ kho^ng bao gio+` thay ddo^?i.

Co' ne^n ddi va`o con ddu+o+`ng co+` ba.c hay kho^ng?

Sau khi dda~ bie^'t ro~ nhu+~ng ma'nh lo+'i, bi.p bo+.m cu?a ca'c mo^n ba`i ba.c vu+`a ke^? tre^n, tin cha('c ra(`ng ba.n se~ tu+. ho?i lo`ng mi`nh mo^.t ca^u nhu+ the^'. Va` ca^u ho?i cu~ng se~ tu+'c la` ca^u tra? lo+`i ... Vi` trong nghe^` co+` ba.c hie^.n nay ... ti'nh bi`nh qua^n cu+' mo^~i 10 con ba.c, thi` se~ co' 2-3 tay "bi.p" thu+' du+~ ...va` du` cho co' va^.n he^n, hay ba.n co' tha('ng mo^.t va'n ddi cha(ng nu+~a thi` va'n sau ba.n se~ tu+` tu+` thua tro+? la.i ... Ddo' la` chu+a ke^? nhu+~ng te^n chu? so`ng lu+u manh, gia`n ca?nh cu+o+'p so`ng dde^? "tra^'n lo^.t" nhu+~ng con ba.c ... va^.y co`n ba`i ba.c la`m chi nu+~a?

Du` cho bie^'t he^'t ca'c ma'nh "bi.p" ddi cha(ng nu+~a, ba.n cu~ng kho' ma` tra'nh no^?i, vi` ca'i cao tay cu?a con "bi.p" la` la`m sao cho ngu+o+`i bie^'t ma` va^~n bi. "bi.p" ....

   I` xe`o dden ddo? suo^'t dde^m
   Dde^'n sa'ng ... he^'t tie^`n, mo+'i bie^'t tra('ng tay.
   Co+` ba.c kho^ng o+'t ma` cay ...
   Sao ai kho^ng "ne' " ... nhu+~ng nga`y ... "co`n Xua^n" ? ...

Ca'c da^n to^.c tre^n the^' gio+'i va^~n thu+o+`ng la^'y bie^?u tu+o+.ng cho da^n to^.c mi`nh ba(`ng nhu+~ng loa`i thu'. DDe^? bie^?u tu+o+.ng cho su+'c ma.nh, ngu+o+`i ta du`ng ca'c ma~nh thu' nhu+ su+ tu+?, ga^'u tra('ng, ga^'u dden, voi, co.p, beo, cho' so'i, ra('n

... Ngu+o+`i ta cu~ng du`ng ca'c loa`i chim nhu+ o' bie^?n, dda.i ba`n ... Ca'c loa`i thuy? to^.c cu~ng ddu+o+.c nha('c dde^'n nhu+ ca' ma^.p, ca' sa^'u ddu+o+.c ve? tru+o+'c ca'c mu?i thuye^`n. Hay hie^`n hoa` ho+n nhu+ con kanguru. Cu~ng co' khi la` nhu+~ng con va^.t truye^`n thuye^'t nhu+ con Sphinx cu?a ngu+o+`i Ai ca^.p.

Nga`y xu+a bie^?u tu+o+.ng cho da^n to^.c Vie^.t la` chim la.c ho^`ng. Ngu+o+`i Vie^.t cu~ng tu+. ha`o mi`nh la` do`ng gio^'ng con ro^`ng cha'u tie^n. Theo truye^`n thuye^'t, to^? phu. ngu+o+`i Vie^.t la` mo^.t tha^`n nha^n te^n La.c Long Qua^n. Tha^`n vo^'n la` ro^`ng bie^?n ho'a tha`nh ngu+o+`i dde^? da.y da^n la`nh ca'ch tro^`ng tro.t ca`y ca^'y, lu+o+'i ca'. Sau La.c Long Qua^n ke^'t duye^n vo+'i mo^.t tie^n nu+~ la` ba` A^u Co+. Vi` cho^`ng la` ro^`ng ne^n khi sinh con, ba` A^u Co+ sinh ra mo^.t bo.c tra(m tru+'ng. Tra(m tru+'ng a^'y no+? ra tra(m ngu+o+`i con trai hu`ng du~ng. 50 ngu+o+`i theo cha xuo^'ng ddo^`ng ba(`ng sinh so^'ng la^.p tha`nh ca'c ti?nh tha`nh mie^`n xuo^i. 50 ngu+o+`i theo me. le^n nu'i la`m nu+o+ng ra^~y, la^.p tha`nh ca'c ba?n mu+o+`ng, ca'c da^n to^.c i't ngu+o+`i mie^`n ngu+o+.c. Ngu+o+`i con tru+o+?ng sau le^n ngo^i vua la` vua Hu`ng thu+' I, vi. vua dda^`u tie^n cu?a ngu+o+`i Vie^.t. Co' chi'nh quye^`n cu?a vua Hu`ng, da^n Vie^.t dda~ ho^.i ddu? 3 ye^'u to^' da^n to^.c, la~nh tho^? va` chi'nh quye^`n dde^? la^.p tha`nh mo^.t quo^'c gia rie^ng ho+n 4.000 na(m tru+o+'c. Tu+` ddo' ngu+o+`i Vie^.t tri`u me^'n go.i nhau la` ddo^`ng ba`o. DDo^`ng la` chung; ba`o la` thai. Y' no'i he^'t tha?y ho. dde^`u la` anh em cu`ng sinh ra tu+` chung mo^.t bo.c thai tra(m tru+'ng nga`y xu+a.

Con ro^`ng la` mo^.t con va^.t truye^`n thuye^'t. Vi` la` truye^`n thuye^'t ne^n ngu+o+`i ta tha ho^` tu+o+?ng tu+o+.ng cho no' ddu? thu+' ti'nh na(ng sie^u vie^.t. Ro^`ng co' the^? so^'ng du+o+'i nu+o+'c, le^n ca.n va` ca? bay tre^n ma^y. Chu+~ ro^`ng tu+` Ha'n Vie^.t la` Long. ngu+o+`i Trung quo^'c va` Vie^.t Nam dde^`u xem ro^`ng nhu+ bie^?u tu+o+.ng cu?a vu+o+ng quye^`n. Ngu+o+`i co' cha^n ma.ng dde^' vu+o+ng se~ co' tu+o+'ng tinh la` con ro^`ng. ro^`ng co' ddu? ma`u. Hoa`ng long la` ro^`ng va`ng, kim long: ro^`ng ba(`ng va`ng; tu+? long: ro^`ng ti'm; thanh long: ro^`ng xanh; ha('c long: ro^`ng dden; ba.ch long: ro^`ng tra('ng; xi'ch long: ro^`ng ddo?. Con ro^`ng A' DDo^ng cu?a vu+o+ng quye^`n kha'c vo+'i con ro^`ng phu+o+ng TA^y cu?a a'c quye^`n. Ro^`ng phu+o+ng Ta^y co' ma(.t cho', dda^`u su+`ng, tai do+i tha^n co' ca'nh. ro^`ng a' ddo^ng theo tu+`ng tho+`i ky` dda~ co' hi`nh da'ng kha'c nhau.

Nhie^`u ngu+o+`i la^`m tu+o+?ng con ro^`ng Vie^.t Nam co' nguo^`n go^'c tu+` Trung Quo^'c. Chi'nh su+. ti'ch La.c Long qua^n ca'ch dda^y ho+n 4.000 na(m dda~ cho tha^'y ro^`ng Vie^.t dda~ co' tu+` ra^'t la^u ddo+`i. Tre^n ca'c co^? va^.t o+? DDo^ng so+n, con ro^`ng Vie^.t gio^'ng hi`nh mo^.t con ra('n lo+'n. Tre^n tro^'ng ddo^`ng co' cha.m mo^.t ca(.p ro^`ng ddo^'i xu+'ng nhau tha^n tro`n nhu+ ra('n. Trong ca'c sa'ch co^? o+? vie^.t Nam hay Trung quo^'c co' nha('c to+'i mo^.t loa`i ra('n nu+o+'c to lo+'n thu+o+`ng go.i la` thuo^`ng luo^`ng hay giao long hay ro^`ng ra('n. Con va^.t na`y ddu+o+.c mo^ ta? la` co' mi`nh tro`n va^~y ngu+o+.c, so^'ng du+o+'i nu+o+'c. Thuo^`ng luo^`ng co' le? dda~ tuye^.t chu?ng tu+` the^' ky? thu+' 9, dda'ng tie^'c la` to+'i nay chu+a ti`m tha^'y xu+o+ng ho'a tha.ch cu?a chu'ng. Ve^` ma(.t tu+. nhie^n thi` ca'c loa`i bo` sa't nhu+ ca' sa^'u, tra(n, ra('n lo+'n thi'ch so^'ng o+? khi' ha^.u a^?m tha^'p mu+a nhie^`u nhu+ dda^'t Vie^.t ho+n dda^'t Trung Quo^'c. Ngu+o+`i Vie^.t co^? dda~ truye^`n thuye^'t ho'a loa.i ra('n tra(n kho^?ng lo^` na`o ddo' khu tru' ta.i dda^'t nu+o+'c ho. dde^? bie^'n no' tha`nh con ro^`ng?

Sau khi ngu+o+`i Vie^.t da`nh la.i ddo^.c la^.p tu+` the^' ky? thu+' 10, Ca'c trie^`u dda.i ke^' tie^'p va^~n du`ng hi`nh a?nh con ro^`ng bie^?u tu+o+.ng cho vu+o+ng quye^`n hay su+. cao qui', linh thie^ng va` su+'c ma.nh vo^ ddi.ch. Con ro^`ng lu'c na`y ddu+o+.c cha.m tro^? tinh vi ho+n. No' co' dda^`u nhu+ dda^`u ca' sa^'u, co' ma`o. Tha^n co' va^~y va` co' dduo^i. Do.c tha^n the^m 4 cha^n co' mo'ng, vuo^'t nhu+ vuo^'t chim. Do.c lu+ng co' so'ng gai. DDuo^i nhu+ dduo^i ca' vi` su+. ti'ch ca' che'p vu+o+.t vu~ mo^n ho'a ro^`ng. Ti'ch na`y nha(`m khen ngo+.i ngu+o+`i ho.c tro` sie^ng na(ng ddu+o+.c ddo^~ dda.t. Hi`nh a?nh con ro^`ng luo^n ve~ a^?n hie^.n trong lo+'p ma^y mo+` a?o. Tha^n luo^n ve~ uo^'ng cong nhu+ ddang bay lu+o+.n kie^?u ra('n bo+i du+o+'i nu+o+'c.

Hi`nh da'ng con ro^`ng Vie^.t dda~ hoa`n chi?nh tu+` tho+`i nha` Ly'. Tha^n ro^`ng tro`n thon, me^`m ma.i, uo^'n lu+o+.n ra^'t nhi.p nha`ng trong lo+'p ma^y mo?ng. Sang tho+`i Tra^`n, ca'c nha` ddie^u kha('c muo^'n ta(ng the^m ve? hu`ng ma.nh ne^n ro^`ng ma^.p ma.p ho+n, dda^`u dduo^i to ho+n. Con ro^`ng tho+`i nha` Le^ tro^ng vo^ cu`ng du~ng ma~nh. DDa^`u va` mu~i to, co' mo^.t su+`ng da`i, bo+`m tho^, na(m mo'ng cha^n xo`e ro^.ng.

Ca'c ddu+o+`ng cong va` ra^'t nhie^`u chi tie^'t sa^.m ma`u cu?a ro^`ng la.i pha?n a'nh ca'i thie^n nhie^n o+? Vie^.t Nam. Vie^.t Nam la` vu`ng ru+`ng nhie^.t ddo+'i, mu+a nhie^`u. Ca^y co^'i pha't trie^?n ma.nh va` ru+`ng ra^.m ra.p ddu? thu+' da^y leo cha(`ng chi.t. Do va^.y ca'c dde^`n dda`i chua` ddi`nh ngu+o+`i Vie^.t cu~ng sa^.m ma`u nhu+ thie^n nhie^n. Ta tha^'y ngu+o+`i A^u cha^u va^~n thi'ch nhu+~ng ne't ra`nh ro.t, tha(?ng ta^'p hay cong dde^`u, ca^n xu+'ng, trong my~ thua^.t cu?a ho.. DDie^`u ddo' phu` ho+.p vo+'i vu`ng dda^'t i't ca^y co^'i va` nhu+~ng mu`a ddo^ng tuye^'t phu?, va.n va^.t chi? co`n nhu+~ng ne't ve~ ddo+n gia?n, pha(?ng phiu. Con ro^`ng ngu+o+`i Trung Quo^'c bay lu+o+.n trong khoa?ng sa^n ro^.ng tru+o+'c ca'c dde^`n dda`i. Vi` ho. kho^ng co' ru+`ng ra^.m nhu+ ta.i Vie^.t Nam. Gi?a su+? ne^'u co' mo^.t dde^`n dda`i na`o ddo' ta.i Vie^.t Nam vo+'i khoa?ng sa^n ba(`ng pha(?ng ro^.ng lo+'n thi` ro^`ng Vie^.t se~ ga(.p ca'c nghi.ch ly' sau. Mu`a na('ng no' se~ bi. thie^u ddo^'t trong ca'i na('ng nung da ngu+o+`i. Va` cu~ng cha(?ng ai muo^'n dde^'n ca'c dde^`n dda`i no'ng bu+'c na`y. Chi? sau va`i co+n mu+a dda^`u mu`a, chung quanh ro^`ng se~ co' mo^.t tha?m co? da.i mo.c chen chu'c nhau. Co' le~, ca?nh quan se~ ra^'t lem luo^'c. Vi` ca'c ly' do tu+. nhie^n na`y, dde^`n dda`i ngu+o+`i Vie^.t luo^n a^?n sau ca'c ta`ng ca^y co^? thu. bo'ng ro+.p ki'n ma(.t dda^'t dde^? co? da.i kho^ng mo.c ddu+o+.c. Trong ca'i a^m u ti.ch mi.ch cu?a khu ru+`ng mu+a nhie^.t ddo+'i, ca'c chu' ro^`ng Vie^.t ga'c co^?ng dde^`n dda`i la.i ca`ng ta(ng the^m ne't ky` bi', huye^`n a?o. Ta kho^ng the^? phu? nha^.n su+. giao lu+u va(n ho'a cu?a 2 da^n to^.c la'ng gie^`ng dde^? ro^`ng Vie^.t va` ro^`ng Trung quo^'c co' nhie^`u ne't gio^'ng nhau. nhu+ng co' le~ ro^`ng xua^'t xu+' tu+` dda^'t Vie^.t thi` ddu'ng ho+n, hay chi' i't, ro^`ng Vie^.t co' nguo^`n go^'c rie^ng.

Ro^`ng dda~ bay va`o ddo+`i so^'ng va(n ho'a Vie^.t vo+'i ra^'t nhie^`u tha`nh ngu+~, ca dao, tranh tu+o+.ng ... vu+`a sinh ddo^.ng vu+`a tha^m thu'y ma` cu~ng de^~ hie^?u. Co' nhie^`u chuye^.n co^? ti'ch, tuo^`ng che`o, ha't bo^.i no'i ve^` ro^`ng. Ca'c em thie^'u nhi vie^.t Nam va^~n co`n me^ say vo+'i tro` cho+i ro^`ng ra('n le^n ma^y. ngu+o+`i lo+'n thi` to+'i di.p le^~ ho^.i la.i chen nhau coi ddua thuye^`n ro^`ng, mu'a ro^`ng, mu'a la^n. Mo^.t so^' tha`nh ngu+~ quen du`ng ve^` ro^`ng nhu+:

   - ve? ro^`ng ve? ra('n: ve? ngoa(`n ngoe`o, nghi~a bo'ng no'i ve^` lo+`i gian do^'i.
   - the^u ro^`ng ve? phu+o+.ng: trang phu.c lo^.ng la^~y, hay lo+`i no'i the^u de^.t.- ne't ro^`ng bay phu+o+.ng mu'a: ne't chu+~ dde.p.
   - Ro^`ng dde^'n nha` to^m: Kha'ch qu'i to+'i nha`.
DDo^`ng nghi~a vo+'i ca^u nha'i ddo`i to ba(`ng bo` la`:    - Ma^'y ddo+`i va'n mu.c ma` ne^n thuye^`n ro^`ng (thuye^`n ro^`ng la` thuye^`n co' cha.m ro^`ng chi? da`nh cho vua ddi)
   - Tru+'ng ro^`ng thi` no+~ ra ro^`ng,
    Liu ddiu thi` la.i ra do`ng liu ddiu.
   (liu ddiu la` te^n mo^.t loa.i ra('n nho?)
   - ve? ro^`ng ho'a giun: ke^' hoa.ch thi` hay nhu+ng ba^'t ta`i la`m kho^ng tro't.
   - ve? ro^`ng ddie^?m ma('t: la`m vie^.c kho^n ngoan, bie^'t gia?i quye^'t ddu'ng mu.c ddi'ch co^ng vie^.c.
   - DDa^`u ro^`ng dduo^i ra('n: chuye^.n lu'c dda^`u nghe ly ky` nhu+ng ddo.an ke^'t cha(?ng ra sao ca?.
   - DDa^'t ro^`ng cuo^.n co.p ngo^`i (Long ba`n ho^? cu+'): no+i hie^?m ddi.a.

Vi` la` bie^?u tu+.o+ng cu?a vu+o+ng quye^`n ne^n chu+~ long thu+o+`ng ddu+o+.c dda(.t cho ca'c va^.t cu?a vua. xin ne^u le^n mo^.t va`i vi' du.:

   - Long nhan: ma(.t vua.
   - Long ba`o: a'o vua.
   - Long xa: xe vua.
   - Sa^n ro^`ng: sa^n tru+o+'c cu+?a ddie^.n vua.
   - DDie^.n ro^`ng: ddie^.n vua.
Nhie^`u vu`ng dda^'t cu~ng mang te^n ro^`ng. Nhu+ Tha(ng Long (Ha` No^.i xu+a), Ha`m ro^`ng, Long Bi`nh, Long Kha'nh, Cu+?u Long, Ha. Long, Ba.ch Long Vi~, Long An, Long Xuye^n, Vi~nh Long... Nhu+~ng con va^.t hay ca^y tra'i co' hi`nh bu` xu`. Nhu+ to^m ro^`ng, dda^.u ro^`ng, xu+o+ng ro^`ng, tra'i thanh long...Ca dao ve^` ro^`ng.

   -Ro^`ng va`ng ta('m nu+o+'c ao tu`,
   Ngu+o+`i kho^n o+? vo+'i ddu+'a ngu bu+.c mi`nh.

Ro^`ng a(n gi` thi` cha(?ng ai bie^'t ca?. Co' le?, gio^'ng va^.t thie^ng na`y chi? hu+o+?ng tinh hoa tro+`i dda^'t ma` so^'ng. Ngu+o+`i Vie^.t co^? nhi`n tha^'y ca'c co+n gio' xoa'y hu't nu+o+'c bie^?n le^n tro+`i va` go.i ddo' la` vo`i ro^`ng. Vo`i ro^`ng nga`y nay la` vo`i nu+o+'c chu+?a cha'y cu?a ddo^.i cu+'u ho?a. Ro^`ng hu't nu+o+'c le^n tro+`i thi` pha?i nha? nu+o+'c xuo^'ng chu+'. The^' la` ro^`ng co' nhie^.m vu. mang mu+a dde^'n cho nha^n gian. Bo+?i the^' co' ca^u:

   -Ro^`ng dden la^'y nu+o+'c ddu+o+.c mu`a,
   Ro^`ng tra('ng la^'y nu+o+'c thi` vua ddi ca`y.

Ro^`ng dden la` co+n xoa'y mang theo ma^y dden, ba'o hie^.u mu+a. Ro^`ng tra('ng la` co+n xoa'y kho^ng mang theo mu+a ba'o hie^.u ha.n ha'n.

Ro^`ng ga(.p ma^y y' no'i tho+`i thi.nh vu+o+.ng cu?a mo^.t ngu+o+`i. Nha.c co^? cu~ng co' nhie^`u ba`i co' te^n ro^`ng nhu+ Long Ho^? Ho^.i.

Ngu+o+`i Vie^.t cu~ng tin ra(`ng ro^`ng ddu+'ng dda^`u nho'm tu+' linh, 4 con thu' linh thie^ng. Trong a^'y go^`m: long, la^n, qui, Phu.ng.

   - Long tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho vu+o+ng quye^`n.
   - La^n tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho su+'c ma.nh va` tha'i bi`nh.

Con la^n co' hi`nh gio^'ng mo^.t chi. su+ tu+?. No' cu~ng la` mo^.t con va^.t truye^`n thuye^'t. Co' le~ ngu+o+`i Trung quo^'c co^? khi theo con ddu+o+`ng to+ lu.a sang Trung A' ro^`i to+'i Trung DDo^ng buo^n ba'n ddo^?i cha'c ha`ng ho'a. Ho. ga(.p con su+ tu+?, mo^.t loa`i thu' kho^ng co' o+? A' DDo^ng. Ca'i ve? oai hu`ng cu?a su+ tu+? dda~ ga^y a^'n tu+o+.ng ma.nh cho ca'c la'i buo^n na`y. Ho. mang ve^` nu+o+'c vo+'i ca'i te^n phie^n a^m la^n ( co' le? tu+` chu+~ lion). Nga`y nay, khi bie^'t ra(`ng la^n la` su+ tu+?, ngu+o+`i ta the^m tha('t ddu? thu+' trang su+'c cho dda^`u la^n dde^? mu'a la^n. Vie^.c trang ddie^?m the^m khie^'n chu' la^n huye^`n thoa.i ca`ng gio^'ng ro^`ng ho+n. Cu~ng vo+'i tha^n da`i nhu+ loa`i bo` sa't va` dduo^i ca'. Co' le? ne^n go.i la` mu'a ro^`ng ddu'ng ho+n la` mu'a la^n.

   -Qui la` ru`a, tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho su+. tru+o+`ng tho..
   -Phu.ng la` chim phu.ng hoa`ng, tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho su+. dda`i ca'c, kho^n ngoan, quy' pha'i.

Ca'c tranh ve~ thu+o+`ng ve~ ca?nh lu+o+~ng long tranh cha^u, hai con ro^`ng tranh nuo^'t tra'i ca^`u lu+?a hay ha.t ngo.c lo+'n. Hay ca?nh ro^`ng cha^`u ho^? phu.c. Vi` long tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho vua chu'a, co`n ho^? tu+o+.ng tru+ng cho quan tu+o+'ng. Chi? co' ghe^' vua ngo^`i mo+'i cha.m hi`nh ro^`ng. Ghe^' ha.ng thu+o+`ng da^n qui' to^.c chi? ddu+o+.c cha.m hi`nh ho^?. Ca?i le^.nh na`y co' the^? bi. ghe'p cho to^.i mu+u pha?n, ti'nh chie^'m ngo^i vua. Pha.m nha^n co' the^? bi. tu+? hi`nh. Tuy nhie^n dde^`n dda`i la` cu?a tha^`n linh ne^n co' the^? cha.m hay ddu'c tu+o+.ng ro^`ng dde^? trang tri'.

Mo^.t ca^u no'i mo+'i dda^y cu~ng kha' tho^ng du.ng no+i ca'c ca'n bo^. dda?ng vie^n co^.ng sa?n Vie^.t Nam: ba'c ho^` la` cha. DDa?ng la` me.. Sinh ra mo^.t lu~ con vu+`a ro^`ng vu+`a ra('n, Tha.ch Sanh thi` i't ma` Ly' Tho^ng thi` nhie^`u.

Nga`y nay, ngu+o+`i Vie^.t va^~n du`ng ro^`ng la`m bie^?u tu+o+.ng cho ca'c co+ so+? la`m a(n, buo^n ba'n cu?a ho.. Tho+`i tru+o+'c na(m 1975, ha~ng Ha`ng Kho^ng Vie^.t Nam la^'y con ro^`ng la`m bie^?u tu+o+.ng. The^' la` tu+` thuye^`n ro^`ng da`nh cho vua ngu+., nay co' the^m ma'y bay ro^`ng ai co' tie^`n thi` le^n. Ca'c va^.t lie^.u xa^y du+.ng mo+'i be^`n bi? ho+n vo+'i nu+o+'c dda~ giu'p ngu+o+`i vie^.t nga`y nay co' the^? ddu'c tu+o+.ng ro^`ng trong ca'c ho^` sen kie^?ng, hay ca'c ho^` bo+i. Ro^`ng ddo+`i nay tha ho^` vu`ng va^~y, ta('m ma't trong be^? xa^y.

No'i ve^` ro^`ng thi` tie^'ng Vie^.t cho phe'p ta? ro^`ng bay, ro^`ng mu'a, ro^`ng lu+o+.n the^' na`o cu~ng ddu+o+.c. Duy chi? ca^'m ky. kho^ng ddu+o+.c no'i ro^`ng lo^.n.